Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
J Periodontal Res. 2018 Apr;53(2):145-155. doi: 10.1111/jre.12482. Epub 2017 Oct 8.
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play a critical role in controlling innate and acquired immune responses. Local dysregulation of AMP is implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases as a response to periodontal pathogen challenge. Changes in AMP expression also characterize tobacco smoking, diabetes mellitus, obesity and rheumatoid arthritis, which are established risk factors of periodontal diseases, suggesting AMP may act as putative mechanistic links between these. The aim was to evaluate and summarize critically the current evidence pertaining to interrelationships between AMPs, periodontal diseases and selected periodontal disease risk factors. General and theme specific keywords were used to search the PUBMED database for studies relevant to AMP, periodontal diseases, smoking, diabetes mellitus, obesity and rheumatoid arthritis and critically reviewed. A total of 131 abstracts and 119 full text articles were screened for relevance; 13 studies were selected for inclusion after critical review. Local AMP dysregulation characteristic to periodontal diseases appears to occur within a broader landscape of complex systemic immune perturbations independently induced by smoking, metabolic and rheumatoid disease. The nature of these interactions and mechanistic pathways involved are inadequately understood. AMPs could be possible mechanistic interlinks between periodontal diseases and its risk factors. However, such evidence is very limited and more in vivo and in vitro studies are necessary to clarify the nature of such relationships. A greater understanding of AMPs as shared mediators is essential for unraveling their value as therapeutic or biomarker candidates.
抗菌肽 (AMPs) 在控制先天和获得性免疫反应中起着关键作用。局部 AMP 失调与牙周病的发病机制有关，是对牙周病原体挑战的反应。AMP 表达的变化也与吸烟、糖尿病、肥胖和类风湿关节炎有关，这些都是牙周病的既定危险因素，这表明 AMP 可能是这些因素之间的潜在机制联系。本研究旨在评估和总结 AMP、牙周病和选定的牙周病危险因素之间相互关系的现有证据。使用一般和主题特定的关键词在 PUBMED 数据库中搜索与 AMP、牙周病、吸烟、糖尿病、肥胖和类风湿关节炎相关的研究，并进行了批判性评价。共筛选了 131 篇摘要和 119 篇全文文章以确定相关性；经过批判性评价，选择了 13 项研究进行纳入。与牙周病相关的局部 AMP 失调似乎发生在由吸烟、代谢和类风湿疾病独立诱导的更广泛的复杂系统免疫紊乱的背景下。这些相互作用的性质和涉及的机制途径尚未得到充分理解。AMP 可能是牙周病及其危险因素之间的潜在机制联系。然而，这种证据非常有限，需要更多的体内和体外研究来阐明这种关系的性质。更深入地了解 AMP 作为共同介质对于阐明它们作为治疗或生物标志物候选物的价值至关重要。
