Barkat Md Abul, Beg Sarwar, Naim Mohd Javed, Pottoo Faheem H, Singh Satya P, Ahmad Farhan J
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, India.
School of Medical & Allied Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, K.R. Mangalam University, Gurgaon, India.
Recent Pat Antiinfect Drug Discov. 2018;13(1):53-69. doi: 10.2174/1574891X12666171006102833.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), are amongst the utmost striking nanosized materials that are extensively applied in a variety of biomedical applications which includes diagnostic use, disease management, medical device coating, drug delivery and for personal health care.
With the growing interest and its application in the health care sector, it is becoming necessary for a better understanding and exploration of AgNPs mechanism of action like biological interaction, their possible toxicity, and safety concern to human exposure. AgNPs have been the subject of researchers attention and interest due to the unique properties and quality such as shape and size depending optical, electrical, and antimicrobial potentials (antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral etc.). In recent times, several studies have been conducted on AgNPs antimicrobial potential and also a number of patents related to its synthesis, clinical role and importance have also been registered. In this review, a short overview of AgNPs synthesis approach is presented (physical, chemical, and biological or green synthesis) and it also delivers a historical outlook of AgNPs application as an antimicrobial agent which includes combined evidence of microbial resistance and safety issues with human exposure.
银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）是最引人注目的纳米材料之一，广泛应用于各种生物医学应用中，包括诊断用途、疾病管理、医疗设备涂层、药物递送和个人医疗保健。
随着人们对其在医疗保健领域兴趣的增加及其应用，有必要更好地理解和探索AgNPs的作用机制，如生物相互作用、其可能的毒性以及人类接触时的安全问题。由于其独特的性质和品质，如取决于光学、电学和抗菌潜力（抗菌、抗真菌、抗病毒等）的形状和大小，AgNPs一直是研究人员关注和感兴趣的对象。近年来，已经对AgNPs的抗菌潜力进行了多项研究，并且还注册了一些与其合成、临床作用和重要性相关的专利。在本综述中，简要概述了AgNPs的合成方法（物理、化学、生物或绿色合成），并且还给出了AgNPs作为抗菌剂应用的历史展望，其中包括微生物耐药性和人类接触安全问题的综合证据。
