Aristizabal José A, Ramos-Álvarez Manuel M, Callejas-Aguilera José E, Rosas Juan M
Department of Psychology, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaen, Spain; School of Psychology, Konrad Lorenz University, Colombia.
Department of Psychology, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaen, Spain.
Behav Processes. 2017 Dec;145:31-36. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2017.10.001. Epub 2017 Oct 6.
One experiment in human predictive learning explored the impact of a context change on attention to contexts and predictive ratings controlled by the cue. In Context A: cue X was paired with an outcome four times, while cue Y was presented without an outcome four times in Context B:. In both contexts filler cues were presented without the outcome. During the test, target cues X and Y were presented either in the context where they were trained, or in the alternative context. With the context change expectation of the outcome X, expressed as predictive ratings, decreased in the presence of X and increased in the presence of Y. Looking at the contexts, expressed as a percentage of the overall gaze dwell time on a trial, was high across the four training trials, and increased with the context change. Results suggest that the presentation of unexpected information leads to increases in attention to contextual cues. Implications for contextual control of behavior are discussed.
一项关于人类预测性学习的实验探讨了情境变化对关注情境以及由线索控制的预测评级的影响。在情境A中：线索X与一个结果配对出现四次，而线索Y在情境B中无结果地呈现四次。在两种情境中，填充线索都无结果地呈现。在测试期间，目标线索X和Y要么在其接受训练的情境中呈现，要么在另一种情境中呈现。随着情境变化，对结果X的预期（以预测评级表示）在X出现时降低，在Y出现时增加。从情境来看，以一次试验中总体注视停留时间的百分比表示，在四次训练试验中都很高，并且随着情境变化而增加。结果表明，意外信息的呈现会导致对情境线索的关注度增加。文中还讨论了其对行为情境控制的影响。
