Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n. 23071 Jaén, Spain.
Span J Psychol. 2012 Mar;15(1):10-9. doi: 10.5209/rev_sjop.2012.v15.n1.37279.
An experiment was conducted using a human instrumental learning task with the goal of evaluating the mechanisms underlying the deleterious effect of context-switching on responding to an unambiguous stimulus when contexts are informative to solve the task. Participants were trained in a context-based reversal discrimination in which two discriminative stimuli (X and Y) interchange their meaning across contexts A and B. In context A, discriminative stimulus Z consistently announced that the relationship between a specific instrumental response (RI) and a specific outcome (O1) was in effect. Performance in the presence of stimulus Z was equally deteriorated when the test was conducted outside the training context, regardless of whether the test context was familiar (context B) or new (context C). This result is consistent with the idea that participants code all the information presented in an informative context as context-specific with the context playing a role akin to an occasion setter.
采用人类工具性学习任务进行实验，旨在评估在上下文对解决任务有信息作用时，转换上下文对响应明确刺激的有害影响的机制。参与者接受基于上下文的反转辨别训练，其中两个辨别刺激（X 和 Y）在 A 和 B 两个上下文之间交换其意义。在 A 语境中，辨别刺激 Z 始终宣布特定工具反应（RI）和特定结果（O1）之间的关系有效。当在训练环境之外进行测试时，无论测试环境是否熟悉（B 语境）或新（C 语境），在刺激 Z 存在的情况下，性能同样会恶化。这一结果与参与者将信息性环境中呈现的所有信息编码为特定于上下文的观点一致，其中上下文起着类似于场合设定器的作用。
