主动通勤和休闲时间运动对超重和肥胖女性和男性脂肪减少的影响：一项随机对照试验。
Effects of active commuting and leisure-time exercise on fat loss in women and men with overweight and obesity: a randomized controlled trial.
机构信息
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
出版信息
Int J Obes (Lond). 2018 Mar;42(3):469-478. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2017.253. Epub 2017 Oct 10.
BACKGROUND
Aerobic exercise is recommended for weight management but energy balance is often less negative than predicted from exercise energy expenditure (ExEE).
OBJECTIVE
To examine effects of active commuting and leisure-time exercise on fat loss in women and men with overweight and obesity.
METHODS
We randomized 130 younger, physically inactive women and men with overweight and obesity (body mass index: 25-35 kg m) to 6 months of habitual lifestyle (control; CON, n=18), active commuting (BIKE, n=35) or leisure-time exercise of moderate (MOD, 50% VOpeak reserve, n=39) or vigorous intensity (VIG, 70% VOpeak reserve, n=38). The primary outcome was change in fat mass measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, which was analyzed intention-to-treat. Accumulated energy balance was calculated based on changes in body composition, and ExEE was calculated based on heart rate monitoring during exercise.
RESULTS
Testing at 3 and 6 months was completed by 95 and 90 participants, respectively. Fat mass was reduced after 3 and 6 months in BIKE (3 months: -3.6 (-5.5; -1.7) kg (mean (95% CI)); 6 months: -4.2 (-6.6; -1.9) kg; both: P<0.001), MOD (3 months: -2.2 (-3.9; -0.4) kg; 6 months: -2.6 (-4.8; -0.5) kg, both: P<0.02) and VIG (3 months: -3.4 (-5.2; -1.7) kg; 6 months: -4.5 (-6.6; -2.3) kg; both: P<0.001) compared with CON. Furthermore, fat loss was greater in VIG compared with MOD (6 months: -1.8 (-3.6; -0.1) kg, P=0.043). Based on the ExEE and the accumulated energy balance MOD compensated for the ExEE (77 (48; 106) %) but not BIKE (38 (-18; 95) %) and VIG (21 (-14; 55) %).
CONCLUSIONS
A meaningful fat loss was obtained by 6 months of active commuting and leisure-time exercise, but fat loss was greater with vigorous compared with moderate intensity exercise. Active commuting is an alternative to leisure-time exercise in the management of overweight and obesity. The trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01962259 (main trial) and NCT01973686 (energy metabolism sub-study).
背景
有氧运动有益于体重管理，但能量平衡往往比运动能量消耗（ExEE）预测的要小。
目的
研究积极通勤和休闲时间运动对超重和肥胖女性和男性体脂减少的影响。
方法
我们将 130 名年轻、身体不活跃、超重和肥胖（体重指数：25-35kg/m²）的女性和男性随机分为 6 个月的习惯性生活方式（对照组；CON，n=18）、积极通勤（BIKE，n=35）或休闲时间中等强度（MOD，50% VOpeak 储备，n=39）或高强度（VIG，70% VOpeak 储备，n=38）运动。主要结局是通过双能 X 射线吸收法测量的体脂量变化，分析意向治疗。根据身体成分的变化计算累积能量平衡，根据运动时的心率监测计算 ExEE。
结果
分别有 95 名和 90 名参与者在 3 个月和 6 个月时完成了测试。BIKE（3 个月：-3.6（-5.5；-1.7）kg（平均值（95%CI））；6 个月：-4.2（-6.6；-1.9）kg；均<0.001）、MOD（3 个月：-2.2（-3.9；-0.4）kg；6 个月：-2.6（-4.8；-0.5）kg；均<0.02）和 VIG（3 个月：-3.4（-5.2；-1.7）kg；6 个月：-4.5（-6.6；-2.3）kg；均<0.001）在 3 个月和 6 个月时的体脂量均减少，而 CON 组则没有（均<0.001）。此外，与 MOD 相比，VIG 组的脂肪损失更大（6 个月：-1.8（-3.6；-0.1）kg，P=0.043）。基于 ExEE 和累积能量平衡，MOD 补偿了 ExEE（77（48；106）%），但 BIKE（38（-18；95）%）和 VIG（21（-14；55）%）则没有。
结论
积极通勤和休闲时间运动 6 个月即可获得有意义的脂肪减少，但高强度运动比中等强度运动的脂肪减少更大。积极通勤是超重和肥胖管理中休闲时间运动的替代方案。该试验在 clinicaltrials.gov 上注册为 NCT01962259（主要试验）和 NCT01973686（能量代谢子研究）。
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