Cuadros Diego F, Hernandez Anngie, Torres Maria F, Torres Diana M, Branscum Adam J, Rincon Diego F
Department of Geography and Geographic Information Science, University of Cincinnati, CincinnatiOH, United States.
Health Geography and Disease Modeling Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, CincinnatiOH, United States.
Front Plant Sci. 2017 Sep 25;8:1654. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01654. eCollection 2017.
The potato yellow vein disease, caused by the potato yellow vein virus (PYVV), is a limiting potato disease in northern South America. The virus can be transmitted either by the greenhouse whitefly (GWF), (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), or through vegetative propagules, such as infected tubers. Recently, GWF populations have been spotlighted as one of the main drivers of PYVV re-emergence, and consequently, PYVV management has been predominantly directed toward vector control, which is heavily based on insecticide use. However, the drivers of the PYVV outbreaks as well as the contribution of GWF populations on the spread of PYVV among potato crops are still not completely understood. This study aims to assess the role of the GWF as a driver of the PYVV epidemic in the potato-producing areas in Colombia, one of the countries more severely affected by the PYVV epidemic, and whose geography allows the study of the spatial association between the vector and the disease epidemic across a wide altitude range. The geographical clusters where the PYVV epidemic is concentrated, as well as those of farms affected by the GWF were identified using a novel spatial epidemiology approach. The influence of altitude range on the association between PYVV and was also assessed. We found a relatively poor spatial association between PYVV epidemic and the presence of the GWF, especially at altitudes above 3,000 m above mean sea level. Furthermore, GWF populations could only explain a small fraction of the extent of the PYVV epidemic in Colombia. Movement of infected seed tubers might be the main mechanism of dispersion, and could be a key driver for the PYVV infection among potato crops. Agricultural policies focused on improving quality of seed tubers and their appropriate distribution could be the most efficient control intervention against PYVV dispersion.
马铃薯黄脉病由马铃薯黄脉病毒（PYVV）引起，是南美洲北部限制马铃薯生产的一种病害。该病毒可通过温室白粉虱（GWF），[韦斯特伍德]（半翅目：粉虱科）传播，也可通过营养繁殖体如受感染的块茎传播。最近，温室白粉虱种群已成为PYVV再次出现的主要驱动因素之一，因此，PYVV的管理主要针对媒介控制，这在很大程度上依赖于杀虫剂的使用。然而，PYVV爆发的驱动因素以及温室白粉虱种群对PYVV在马铃薯作物间传播的作用仍未完全了解。本研究旨在评估温室白粉虱作为PYVV在哥伦比亚马铃薯产区流行的驱动因素所起的作用，哥伦比亚是受PYVV疫情影响较严重的国家之一，其地理环境有助于研究该媒介与疾病流行在广泛海拔范围内的空间关联。采用一种新的空间流行病学方法确定了PYVV疫情集中的地理集群以及受温室白粉虱影响的农场集群。还评估了海拔范围对PYVV与[此处原文缺失相关内容]之间关联的影响。我们发现PYVV疫情与温室白粉虱的存在之间的空间关联相对较弱，尤其是在平均海拔3000米以上的地区。此外，温室白粉虱种群只能解释哥伦比亚PYVV疫情范围的一小部分。受感染种薯的移动可能是主要的传播机制，并且可能是马铃薯作物中PYVV感染的关键驱动因素。侧重于提高种薯质量及其合理分配的农业政策可能是防治PYVV传播最有效的控制措施。
