Post Graduate School of Public Health, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Forensic Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Neurosciences, Hospital Santa Maria alle Scotte, Siena, Italy.
Eur J Public Health. 2017 Dec 1;27(6):1097-1101. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx100.
The analysis of drug traces on banknotes with different validated techniques can provide important information about the types of substances that are used in a geographical region. The aim of our review was to investigate banknotes' contamination by cocaine, by its metabolite, but also by other drugs.
A systematic literature search (English written literature) was conducted in MEDLINE, and Scopus, collecting studies from 1974 till 2017. The Key search terms included: 'banknote AND drug'; 'banknote AND cocaine'.
The literature search yielded 88 publications; 9 were included in our review. In six studies that showed banknotes' positivity to cocaine, the percentage ranged from 2.5% to 100%. The concentration of cocaine ranged from 0.09 ng/note to 889 µg/note. Benzoylecgonine was indentified only in three studies with a range from 0.71 to 130 ng/note. Other indentified drugs were: amphetamine derivatives, opiates, benzodiazepines.
Circulating banknotes could be used to indicate substances used in a population, and those recently introduced in a geographical macro-area. The identification of very high amounts of cocaine can provide important information for the identification of banknotes used in illegal trafficking.
使用不同验证技术分析钞票上的药物痕迹，可以提供有关在特定地理区域中使用的物质类型的重要信息。我们的综述旨在调查钞票上可卡因及其代谢物，以及其他药物的污染情况。
在 MEDLINE 和 Scopus 中进行了系统的文献检索（英文文献），收集了 1974 年至 2017 年的研究。关键搜索词包括：“钞票和药物”；“钞票和可卡因”。
文献检索得到了 88 篇出版物；其中 9 篇被纳入我们的综述。在 6 项显示钞票可卡因阳性的研究中，阳性率从 2.5%到 100%不等。可卡因的浓度范围从 0.09 纳克/张到 889 微克/张。仅在 3 项研究中鉴定出苯甲酰爱康宁，范围从 0.71 到 130 纳克/张。其他鉴定出的药物包括：苯丙胺衍生物、阿片类药物、苯二氮䓬类药物。
流通中的钞票可用于指示人群中使用的物质，以及在特定地理大区中最近引入的物质。可卡因含量非常高的鉴定可以为识别非法交易中使用的钞票提供重要信息。
