Stone Vicki, Miller Mark R, Clift Martin J D, Elder Alison, Mills Nicholas L, Møller Peter, Schins Roel P F, Vogel Ulla, Kreyling Wolfgang G, Alstrup Jensen Keld, Kuhlbusch Thomas A J, Schwarze Per E, Hoet Peter, Pietroiusti Antonio, De Vizcaya-Ruiz Andrea, Baeza-Squiban Armelle, Teixeira João Paulo, Tran C Lang, Cassee Flemming R
Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
Environ Health Perspect. 2017 Oct 10;125(10):106002. doi: 10.1289/EHP424.
A rich body of literature exists that has demonstrated adverse human health effects following exposure to ambient air particulate matter (PM), and there is strong support for an important role of ultrafine (nanosized) particles. At present, relatively few human health or epidemiology data exist for engineered nanomaterials (NMs) despite clear parallels in their physicochemical properties and biological actions in models.
NMs are available with a range of physicochemical characteristics, which allows a more systematic toxicological analysis. Therefore, the study of ultrafine particles (UFP, <100 nm in diameter) provides an opportunity to identify plausible health effects for NMs, and the study of NMs provides an opportunity to facilitate the understanding of the mechanism of toxicity of UFP.
A workshop of experts systematically analyzed the available information and identified 19 key lessons that can facilitate knowledge exchange between these discipline areas.
Key lessons range from the availability of specific techniques and standard protocols for physicochemical characterization and toxicology assessment to understanding and defining dose and the molecular mechanisms of toxicity. This review identifies a number of key areas in which additional research prioritization would facilitate both research fields simultaneously.
There is now an opportunity to apply knowledge from NM toxicology and use it to better inform PM health risk research and vice versa. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP424.
大量文献表明，暴露于环境空气中的颗粒物（PM）会对人类健康产生不良影响，并且有充分证据支持超细（纳米级）颗粒物起着重要作用。目前，尽管工程纳米材料（NMs）在物理化学性质和模型中的生物学作用方面有明显相似之处，但关于它们的人类健康或流行病学数据相对较少。
纳米材料具有一系列物理化学特性，这使得进行更系统的毒理学分析成为可能。因此，对超细颗粒物（UFP，直径<100 nm）的研究为确定纳米材料可能对健康产生的影响提供了机会，而对纳米材料的研究则为促进理解超细颗粒物的毒性机制提供了机会。
一个专家研讨会系统地分析了现有信息，并确定了19条关键经验教训，以促进这些学科领域之间的知识交流。
关键经验教训涵盖从用于物理化学表征和毒理学评估的特定技术和标准协议的可用性，到理解和定义剂量以及毒性的分子机制等方面。本综述确定了一些关键领域，在这些领域中进一步的研究优先级设定将同时促进这两个研究领域的发展。
现在有机会应用纳米材料毒理学的知识，并将其用于更好地为颗粒物健康风险研究提供信息，反之亦然。https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP424。
