Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University,Bronx, NY,USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,CUNY School of Public Health,New York, NY,USA.
Psychol Med. 2018 Jun;48(8):1308-1315. doi: 10.1017/S0033291717002781. Epub 2017 Oct 12.
Major depression is associated with significant disability, morbidity, and mortality. The current study estimated trends in the prevalence of major depression in the US population from 2005 to 2015 overall and by demographic subgroups.
Data were drawn from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), an annual cross-sectional study of US persons ages 12 and over (total analytic sample N = 607 520). Past-year depression prevalence was examined annually among respondents from 2005 to 2015. Time trends in depression prevalence stratified by survey year were tested using logistic regression. Data were re-analyzed stratified by age, gender, race/ethnicity, income, and education.
Depression prevalence increased significantly in the USA from 2005 to 2015, before and after controlling for demographics. Increases in depression were significant for the youngest and oldest age groups, men, and women, Non-Hispanic White persons, the lowest income group, and the highest education and income groups. A significant year × demographic interaction was found for age. The rate of increase in depression was significantly more rapid among youth relative to all older age groups.
The prevalence of depression increased significantly in the USA from 2005 to 2015. The rate of increase in depression among youth was significantly more rapid relative to older groups. Further research into understanding the macro level, micro level, and individual factors that are contributing to the increase in depression, including factors specific to demographic subgroups, would help to direct public health prevention and intervention efforts.
重度抑郁症与显著的残疾、发病和死亡率有关。本研究估计了 2005 年至 2015 年期间美国人口中重度抑郁症的流行趋势，包括按人口统计学亚组进行的分析。
数据来自国家药物使用与健康调查（NSDUH），这是一项对美国 12 岁及以上人群（总分析样本量为 607520 人）进行的年度横断面研究。在 2005 年至 2015 年期间，每年对受访者进行过去一年的抑郁症患病率调查。使用逻辑回归检验抑郁症患病率随调查年份的时间趋势。根据年龄、性别、种族/民族、收入和教育水平对数据进行重新分层分析。
从 2005 年到 2015 年，美国的抑郁症患病率显著增加，无论是否考虑人口统计学因素都是如此。在年龄最小和最大的年龄组、男性和女性、非西班牙裔白人、收入最低的群体以及教育和收入最高的群体中，抑郁症的发病率显著增加。年龄方面存在显著的年份×人口统计学交互作用。与所有较年长年龄组相比，年轻人中抑郁症的发病率增长速度显著更快。
从 2005 年到 2015 年，美国的抑郁症患病率显著增加。与年长人群相比，年轻人中抑郁症的发病率增长速度显著更快。进一步研究有助于理解导致抑郁症发病率上升的宏观层面、微观层面和个体因素，包括特定于人口统计学亚组的因素，从而有助于指导公共卫生预防和干预工作。
