Tayeb M A, Ismail B S, Khairiatul-Mardiana J
School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Environ Monit Assess. 2017 Oct 11;189(11):551. doi: 10.1007/s10661-017-6236-4.
This study focused on the residue detection of the herbicides triclopyr and glufosinate ammonium in the runoff losses from the Tasik Chini oil palm plantation area and the Tasik Chini Lake under natural rainfall conditions in the Malaysian tropical environment. Triclopyr and glufosinate ammonium are post-emergence herbicides. Both herbicides were foliar-sprayed on 0.5 ha of oil palm plantation plots, which were individualized by an uneven slope of 10-15%. Samples were collected at 1, 3, 7, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 days after treatment. The concentrations of both herbicides quickly diminished from those in the analyzed sample by the time of collection. The highest residue levels found in the field surface leachate were 0.031 (single dosage, triclopyr), 0.041 (single dosage, glufosinate ammonium), 0.017 (double dosage, triclopyr), and 0.037 μg/kg (double dosage, glufosinate ammonium). The chromatographic peaks were observed at "0" day treatment (2 h after herbicide application). From the applied active ingredients, the triclopyr and glufosinate losses were 0.025 and 0.055%, respectively. The experimental results showed that both herbicides are less potent than other herbicides in polluting water systems because of their short persistence and strong adsorption onto soil clay particles.
本研究聚焦于在马来西亚热带环境自然降雨条件下，奇尼湖油棕种植区和奇尼湖径流损失中除草剂三氯吡氧乙酸和草铵膦的残留检测。三氯吡氧乙酸和草铵膦均为苗后除草剂。两种除草剂均对0.5公顷油棕种植地块进行叶面喷施，这些地块因10 - 15%的不均匀坡度而相互区分。在处理后的1、3、7、15、30、45、60、90和120天采集样本。到采集时，两种除草剂的浓度均迅速从分析样本中的浓度降低。在田间地表渗滤液中发现的最高残留水平分别为0.031（单剂量，三氯吡氧乙酸）、0.041（单剂量，草铵膦）、0.017（双剂量，三氯吡氧乙酸）和0.037μg/kg（双剂量，草铵膦）。在“0”天处理时（施用除草剂后2小时）观察到色谱峰。从施用的活性成分来看，三氯吡氧乙酸和草铵膦的损失分别为0.025%和0.055%。实验结果表明，由于这两种除草剂的持久性较短且对土壤粘土颗粒的吸附性强，它们在污染水系统方面的效力低于其他除草剂。
