State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilisation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Waste Manag Res. 2018 Jan;36(1):3-16. doi: 10.1177/0734242X17730137. Epub 2017 Oct 12.
This article proposes a comprehensive review of evaluation tools based on life cycle thinking, as applied to waste-to-energy. Habitually, life cycle assessment is adopted to assess environmental burdens associated with waste-to-energy initiatives. Based on this framework, several extension methods have been developed to focus on specific aspects: Exergetic life cycle assessment for reducing resource depletion, life cycle costing for evaluating its economic burden, and social life cycle assessment for recording its social impacts. Additionally, the environment-energy-economy model integrates both life cycle assessment and life cycle costing methods and judges simultaneously these three features for sustainable waste-to-energy conversion. Life cycle assessment is sufficiently developed on waste-to-energy with concrete data inventory and sensitivity analysis, although the data and model uncertainty are unavoidable. Compared with life cycle assessment, only a few evaluations are conducted to waste-to-energy techniques by using extension methods and its methodology and application need to be further developed. Finally, this article succinctly summarises some recommendations for further research.
本文提出了一个基于生命周期思维的评估工具综述，应用于废物能源化。通常，生命周期评估被用于评估废物能源化项目相关的环境负担。在此框架基础上，已经开发了几种扩展方法，以专注于特定方面：为减少资源枯竭而进行的能量生命周期评估、用于评估其经济负担的生命周期成本核算，以及记录其社会影响的社会生命周期评估。此外，环境-能源-经济模型集成了生命周期评估和生命周期成本核算方法，并同时判断这三个特征以实现可持续的废物能源化转化。生命周期评估在废物能源化方面得到了充分的发展，具有具体的数据清单和敏感性分析，尽管数据和模型的不确定性是不可避免的。与生命周期评估相比，只有少数评估采用扩展方法对废物能源化技术进行评估，其方法学和应用需要进一步发展。最后，本文简明扼要地总结了一些进一步研究的建议。
