Ullah Sana, Hassan Said, Dhama Kuldeep
Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
Center of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Pak J Biol Sci. 2016;19(3):115-121. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2016.115.121.
The current study was designed to assess heavy metals' concentration in muscle tissues of two Chinese carps, common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), available to consumers in markets at district Lower Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Fish specimens were collected from three main markets in the study area namely; Chakdara, Timergara and Khall. Heavy metals including; manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd) and cobalt (Co) were investigated using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Cobalt was not detected in any of the fish specimens while the rest of the metals were lying within the permissible limits suggested by FAO/WHO and ITS for food/fish consumption. The results showed a statistically significant (p<0.05) difference between both species with respect to the concentration of the accumulated heavy metals. In common carp, the heavy metal accumulation was in order of Fe>Mn>Zn>Pb>Cu>Cd, while in silver carp the order was Fe>Mn>Zn>Pb>Cd>Cu. Higher concentration of Pb, Mn, Zn, Cu and Cd was recorded in muscle of common carp while the concentration of Fe was higher in silver carp, indicating higher potential of accumulation of heavy metals in common carp. Statistically significant (p<0.05) correlation was observed between Pb and Zn in common carp while between Cu and Cd in silver carp. The concentration of heavy metals was in the suggested permissible limits and poses no threat if consumed. In order to maintain the heavy metals level within permissible limits, proper care should be taken along with regular assessment.
本研究旨在评估巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省下迪尔地区市场上可供消费者购买的两种鲤鱼，即鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）和鲢鱼（Hypophthalmichthys molitrix）肌肉组织中的重金属浓度。从研究区域的三个主要市场，即查克拉达拉、蒂默加拉和哈尔采集了鱼类样本。使用原子吸收分光光度计对包括锰（Mn）、铅（Pb）、铁（Fe）、铜（Cu）、锌（Zn）、镉（Cd）和钴（Co）在内的重金属进行了调查。在任何鱼类样本中均未检测到钴，而其余金属的含量均在粮农组织/世界卫生组织以及国际食品添加剂联合专家委员会建议的食品/鱼类消费允许限量范围内。结果表明，两种鱼类在累积重金属浓度方面存在统计学显著差异（p<0.05）。在鲤鱼中，重金属积累顺序为Fe>Mn>Zn>Pb>Cu>Cd，而在鲢鱼中顺序为Fe>Mn>Zn>Pb>Cd>Cu。鲤鱼肌肉中铅、锰、锌、铜和镉的浓度较高，而鲢鱼中铁的浓度较高，这表明鲤鱼中重金属的积累潜力更大。在鲤鱼中观察到铅和锌之间存在统计学显著相关性（p<0.05），而在鲢鱼中铜和镉之间存在相关性。重金属浓度在建议的允许限量范围内，食用时不会构成威胁。为了将重金属水平维持在允许限量内，应采取适当措施并定期进行评估。
