Siraj Muhammad, Khisroon Muhammad, Khan Ajmal, Zaidi Farrah, Ullah Ahmad, Rahman Ghani
Department of Zoology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Department of Geography, University of Gujrat, Gujrat City, Pakistan.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2018 Mar;100(3):344-349. doi: 10.1007/s00128-017-2265-5. Epub 2018 Jan 11.
The study explored (I) the concentration of heavy metals in water samples (II) their bioaccumulation in common carp Cyprinus carpio (III) and the subsequent genotoxicity in the selected organs of carp; from river Kabul, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. Except for Mercury (Hg) the water samples had all the heavy metals within permissible limits of recommended dietary allowance (RDA). Nonetheless a number of heavy metals (Zn, Ni, Cr, Cd, Pb and Hg) showed bioaccumulation at levels higher than permissible. Zinc (Zn) was the most while Cadmium (Cd) was the least accumulated metal in all tissue samples analyzed. The metal burden in different organs of C. carpio was in sequence of intestine > skin > liver > gills > muscle. The Comet assay established DNA damage in selected organs to be in accordance with metal burden; the most to least damage being in sequence of blood > intestine > skin > liver > gills > muscle. In conclusion assessment of DNA damage in the organs of C. carpio appears to be a useful bio-marker to evaluate genotoxic effects of heavy metal pollution.
（I）水样中重金属的浓度；（II）它们在鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）中的生物累积情况；（III）以及随后在鲤鱼选定器官中的遗传毒性；研究对象是取自巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省喀布尔河的样本。除汞（Hg）外，水样中的所有重金属含量均在推荐膳食摄入量（RDA）的允许范围内。尽管如此，一些重金属（锌、镍、铬、镉、铅和汞）的生物累积水平高于允许值。在所有分析的组织样本中，锌（Zn）的累积量最高，而镉（Cd）的累积量最低。鲤鱼不同器官中的金属负荷顺序为：肠道＞皮肤＞肝脏＞鳃＞肌肉。彗星试验确定选定器官中的DNA损伤与金属负荷一致；损伤程度由高到低依次为：血液＞肠道＞皮肤＞肝脏＞鳃＞肌肉。总之，评估鲤鱼器官中的DNA损伤似乎是评估重金属污染遗传毒性效应的一种有用生物标志物。
