Andreji Jaroslav, Stranai Ivan, Kacániová Miroslava, Massányi Peter, Valent Miroslav
Department of Poultry Science and Small Animals Husbandry, Slovak Agricultural University, Nitra, Slovak Republic.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2006;41(6):1071-88. doi: 10.1080/10934520600620295.
The purpose of this study was to assess concentration and correlation of selected heavy metals and level of some microbiological indicators (total bacteria count-TBC, mesophilic anaerobic sporulating bacteria-MASB) in the muscle of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Fish were collected by seine net within the frame of pondfishing, in October (pond Horné Obdokovce--pond A) and December (pond Budmerice--pond B) 2003. Concentrations of selected metals were measured using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer Pye Unicam SP9. The concentrations of metals (mg/kg wet weight basis) ranged as follows: Fe 3.47-15.15; Mn 0.14-0.42; Zn 3.47-9.52; Cu 0.24-1.32; Co 0.05-0.17; Ni 0.07-0.42; Cr 0.08-0.19; Pb 0.11-0.30; and Cd 0.01-0.05. The count of MASB and TCB (in CFU/g) varied as follow: 1.12-7.76 x 10(3) and 0.03-7.59 x 10(6), respectively. Significant differences (P < 0.05) for Cu, Ni, and Cr bioaccumulation, as well as for count of MASB between ponds were recorded. An opposite trend of bioaccumulation was found in only 12 of 36 cases. Positive correlations between counts of MASB and accumulated heavy metals, except Ni and negative correlations between TBC and accumulated heavy metals, except Cr, were recorded, (P < 0.05) for TBC-Mn and TBC-Cd relationship. Lead concentrations exceeded the maximum values allowed concentration in Slovakia by Codex Alimentarius (0.2 mg/kg) by 60% for pond-A and 40% for pond-B. The level of MASB count exceeded the maximum allowed concentration in 100% by both ponds. On average, the order of metal concentrations in the fish muscle was: (Pond-A) Fe > Zn > Cu > Mn > Pb > Cr > Ni > Co > Cd; (Pond-B) Fe > Zn > Cu > Mn > Pb > Ni > Cr > Co > Cd.
本研究的目的是评估鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）肌肉中选定重金属的浓度和相关性，以及一些微生物指标（总细菌数-TBC、嗜温厌氧芽孢杆菌-MASB）的水平。2003年10月（霍内·奥布多科夫采池塘——A池塘）和12月（布德梅里采池塘——B池塘），在池塘捕鱼活动中，用围网捕捞鱼类。使用派尤尼肯SP9原子吸收分光光度计测量选定金属的浓度。金属浓度（以湿重计，mg/kg）范围如下：铁3.47 - 15.15；锰0.14 - 0.42；锌3.47 - 9.52；铜0.24 - 1.32；钴0.05 - 0.17；镍0.07 - 0.42；铬0.08 - 0.19；铅0.11 - 0.30；镉0.01 - 0.05。MASB和TCB的计数（CFU/g）变化如下：分别为1.12 - 7.76×10³和0.03 - 7.59×10⁶。记录到池塘之间铜、镍和铬的生物累积以及MASB计数存在显著差异（P < 0.05）。在36个案例中，只有12个发现生物累积趋势相反。记录到MASB计数与累积重金属之间呈正相关（镍除外），TBC与累积重金属之间呈负相关（铬除外），TBC与锰和镉的关系（P < 0.05）。铅浓度超过了斯洛伐克食品法典允许的最大值（0.2 mg/kg），A池塘超标60%，B池塘超标40%。两个池塘的MASB计数水平均超过最大允许浓度100%。平均而言，鱼肌肉中金属浓度的顺序为：（A池塘）铁>锌>铜>锰>铅>铬>镍>钴>镉；（B池塘）铁>锌>铜>锰>铅>镍>铬>钴>镉。
