Suliman Al-Gebaly Asma
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdul-Rahman University, 11474 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Pak J Biol Sci. 2017;20(6):314-319. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2017.314.319.
Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential metal whose dispersion in the environment has increased recently, Cd may enhance cell oxidative stress that leads to DNA damage and apoptotic cell death. The study aimed to evaluate the antioxidative capability of Burdock root 'Arctium lappa' on cadmium-induced oxidative stress and histopathology of the kidney of Wistar rats.
Cadmium was applied in a form of cadmium chloride to three groups (15 mg Cd kg-1) for five weeks with two groups pre-treated with 'Arctium lappa' administration, 100 and 200 mg kg-1 b.wt. Data were analyzed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test to determine the difference among means using the JMP version 12.
Results revealed that cadmium induced a significant disorganization (p<0.05) of renal structure with collapsed tubular lamina and 76 μm tail length of the cells was observed, while histological sections of kidney pre-treated with 100 mg Arctium lappa kg-1 b.wt., showed a slightly less hypercellularity of glomerulus and reduction in the cell tail (59 μm). Furthermore, histological sections of kidney of rats pre-treated with 200 mg Arctium lappa kg-1 b.wt., showed high improvement of renal tubules and glomerulus with a prominent urinary space beside tail length of cells was recorded as 39 μm which was lower in comparison to other groups.
Moreover, cadmium induced cellular destruction of the kidney was resumed with the pre-treatment of the secondary metabolites as an antioxidant compounds that produced from plant extracts. Arctium lappa leaf extract was efficient at both applied doses while 200 mg Arctium lappa kg-1 b.wt., had the most ameliorative effect.
镉（Cd）是一种非必需金属，其在环境中的扩散近来有所增加，镉可能会增强细胞氧化应激，从而导致DNA损伤和细胞凋亡性死亡。本研究旨在评估牛蒡根（牛蒡）对镉诱导的Wistar大鼠肾脏氧化应激和组织病理学变化的抗氧化能力。
以氯化镉的形式对三组大鼠（15 mg Cd kg-1）进行为期五周的镉处理，其中两组预先给予牛蒡处理，剂量分别为100和200 mg kg-1体重。使用单因素方差分析（ANOVA），随后进行最小显著差异（LSD）检验，以使用JMP 12版本确定均值之间的差异，对数据进行分析。
结果显示，镉导致肾脏结构显著紊乱（p<0.05），肾小管板塌陷，观察到细胞尾长为76μm，而预先用100 mg牛蒡kg-1体重处理的肾脏组织切片显示，肾小球的细胞增多症略少，细胞尾长减少（59μm）。此外，预先用200 mg牛蒡kg-1体重处理的大鼠肾脏组织切片显示，肾小管和肾小球有高度改善，细胞尾长旁边有明显的尿间隙，记录为39μm，与其他组相比更低。
此外，通过将植物提取物中产生的次生代谢产物作为抗氧化化合物进行预处理，可以恢复镉诱导的肾脏细胞破坏。牛蒡叶提取物在两个应用剂量下均有效，而200 mg牛蒡kg-1体重具有最显著的改善效果。
