Alfwaress Firas S D, Khwaileh Fadwa A, Rawashdeh Ma'amon A, Alomari Mahmoud A, Nazzal Mohammad S
*Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology †King Abdullah University Hospital, Irbid, Jordan.
J Craniofac Surg. 2017 Nov;28(8):2117-2121. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000003984.
This study investigated demographical characteristics, health status, and associated communication disorders in patients with orofacial clefts (OFCs) in Northern Jordan.
A retrospective study of 226 cleft patients and their families was carried out between March 2012 and September 2016 at the Speech and Hearing Clinic and the Maxillofacial Center at King Abdullah University Hospital. Data were collected by interviewing patients and caregivers, having patients or caregiver to complete a questionnaire and reviewing the patient's medical records. The frequencies of OFC type, demographic, health status, and communication disorders variables were calculated. χ analysis was used to test for significance of associated demographic and communication disorders variables with OFC type.
Results revealed higher percentage of males compared with female patients. The majority of OFC patients were born to families who lived in urban areas, obtained high school diploma or lower educational level, lived below poverty cutoff, and showed nonconsanguineous marriages. Most mothers took the prescribed pregnancy supplements. Only one-third of the families received health education and reported other incidences of OFCs. Twenty percent of the patients had other congenital anomalies, 80% experienced dysphagia prior to the cleft repair, dropped to 14% after the repair. Higher percentage of patients with isolated cleft palate and cleft lip and palate exhibited hearing loss, hypernasality, articulation and phonological disorders, and dysphagia compared with those with cleft lip only. None of the demographic variables was associated with OFC type.
Data suggested that families who had children with OFCs displayed poor socioeconomic status and low educational level which may impede the delivery of health education by health practitioners. Increased risk of comorbid communication disorders and malformations in OFC patients must be emphasized and disseminated to health professionals involved in the management of patients with OFC.
本研究调查了约旦北部口面部裂隙（OFC）患者的人口统计学特征、健康状况及相关的沟通障碍。
2012年3月至2016年9月期间，在阿卜杜拉国王大学医院的言语与听力诊所及颌面中心，对226例腭裂患者及其家属进行了一项回顾性研究。通过访谈患者及其照顾者、让患者或照顾者填写问卷以及查阅患者的病历收集数据。计算了OFC类型、人口统计学、健康状况和沟通障碍变量的频率。采用χ分析来检验相关人口统计学和沟通障碍变量与OFC类型之间的显著性。
结果显示男性患者的比例高于女性患者。大多数OFC患者出生于居住在城市地区、获得高中文凭或更低教育水平、生活在贫困线以下且为非近亲结婚的家庭。大多数母亲服用了规定的孕期补充剂。只有三分之一的家庭接受了健康教育并报告了其他OFC病例。20%的患者有其他先天性异常，80%的患者在腭裂修复术前有吞咽困难，修复术后降至14%。与仅唇裂患者相比，孤立性腭裂和唇腭裂患者出现听力损失、鼻音过重、发音和语音障碍以及吞咽困难的比例更高。没有人口统计学变量与OFC类型相关。
数据表明，有OFC患儿的家庭社会经济地位低且教育水平低，这可能会妨碍医护人员开展健康教育。必须向参与OFC患者管理的卫生专业人员强调并传播OFC患者合并沟通障碍和畸形的风险增加。
