Alshammari Abdullah F, Alhomayan Najla A, Alshmari Rawabi B, Alharbi Shahad F, Alhejaili Manar A, Alenezi Yousef E, Madfa Ahmed A, Aledaili Ebtsam A, Alshammary Freah L, Alkurdi Khlood A
Department of Basic Dental and Medical Science, College of Dentistry, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Medical and Diagnostic Research Center, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 55473, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 15;15(1):9010. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-84509-7.
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of oral and maxillofacial anomalies among newborns in the Ha'il Region, Saudi Arabia, and to explore associations with parental health, socioeconomic status, and environmental factors. Given the scarcity of regional data on congenital anomalies, this research furthers the understanding of localised health risks and could inform targeted interventions. A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted involving 40,000 newborns born between December 2019 and June 2024. Data were collected from medical records and parental interviews at one of the main hospitals in the Ha'il Region. Anomalies were categorised and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Forty-seven cases (0.146%) of oral and maxillofacial anomalies were identified, with a higher prevalence seen in female newborns. Relationship were found between these anomalies and parental smoking, socioeconomic status, and parental health history. Anomalies, such as cleft lips and palates, were more frequent in females, while other conditions, like the eruption of chlorodontia, were exclusive to males. This study underscores the importance of addressing environmental and socioeconomic factors to prevent congenital anomalies. These findings provide crucial data for healthcare planning in the Ha'il Region, aligning with Saudi's Vision 2030 objectives related to improving neonatal and maternal care.
本研究旨在确定沙特阿拉伯哈伊勒地区新生儿口腔颌面部异常的患病率，并探讨其与父母健康状况、社会经济地位和环境因素之间的关联。鉴于该地区先天性异常数据匮乏，本研究有助于加深对局部健康风险的理解，并可为针对性干预措施提供参考。我们开展了一项基于医院的横断面研究，纳入了2019年12月至2024年6月期间出生的40000名新生儿。数据收集自哈伊勒地区一家主要医院的医疗记录和对父母的访谈。使用社会科学统计软件对异常情况进行分类和分析，设定统计学显著性水平为p<0.05。共识别出47例（0.146%）口腔颌面部异常病例，女性新生儿的患病率更高。发现这些异常与父母吸烟、社会经济地位和父母健康史之间存在关联。唇腭裂等异常在女性中更为常见，而其他情况，如先天性缺牙的萌出，则仅见于男性。本研究强调了应对环境和社会经济因素以预防先天性异常的重要性。这些发现为哈伊勒地区的医疗保健规划提供了关键数据，符合沙特阿拉伯《2030年愿景》中与改善新生儿和孕产妇护理相关的目标。
