Beutel Manfred E, Brähler Elmar, Wiltink Jörg, Michal Matthias, Klein Eva M, Jünger Claus, Wild Philipp S, Münzel Thomas, Blettner Maria, Lackner Karl, Nickels Stefan, Tibubos Ana N
Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Medical Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
PLoS One. 2017 Oct 12;12(10):e0186516. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186516. eCollection 2017.
Aim of the study was the development and validation of the psychometric properties of a six-item bi-factorial instrument for the assessment of social support (emotional and tangible support) with a population-based sample. A cross-sectional data set of N = 15,010 participants enrolled in the Gutenberg Health Study (GHS) in 2007-2012 was divided in two sub-samples. The GHS is a population-based, prospective, observational single-center cohort study in the Rhein-Main-Region in western Mid-Germany. The first sub-sample was used for scale development by performing an exploratory factor analysis. In order to test construct validity, confirmatory factor analyses were run to compare the extracted bi-factorial model with the one-factor solution. Reliability of the scales was indicated by calculating internal consistency. External validity was tested by investigating demographic characteristics health behavior, and distress using analysis of variance, Spearman and Pearson correlation analysis, and logistic regression analysis. Based on an exploratory factor analysis, a set of six items was extracted representing two independent factors. The two-factor structure of the Brief Social Support Scale (BS6) was confirmed by the results of the confirmatory factor analyses. Fit indices of the bi-factorial model were good and better compared to the one-factor solution. External validity was demonstrated for the BS6. The BS6 is a reliable and valid short scale that can be applied in social surveys due to its brevity to assess emotional and practical dimensions of social support.
本研究的目的是开发并验证一种用于评估社会支持（情感支持和实际支持）的六项双因素工具的心理测量特性，样本基于人群。2007年至2012年参与古登堡健康研究（GHS）的N = 15,010名参与者的横断面数据集被分为两个子样本。GHS是德国中西部莱茵 - 美因地区一项基于人群的前瞻性观察性单中心队列研究。第一个子样本用于通过进行探索性因素分析来开发量表。为了检验结构效度，进行验证性因素分析以比较提取的双因素模型与单因素解决方案。通过计算内部一致性来表明量表的信度。通过使用方差分析、斯皮尔曼和皮尔逊相关分析以及逻辑回归分析来研究人口统计学特征、健康行为和痛苦，从而检验外部效度。基于探索性因素分析，提取了一组代表两个独立因素的六个项目。验证性因素分析的结果证实了简短社会支持量表（BS6）的双因素结构。双因素模型的拟合指数良好，且比单因素解决方案更好。BS6的外部效度得到了证明。BS6是一种可靠且有效的简短量表，由于其简短性，可应用于社会调查以评估社会支持的情感和实际维度。
