Cathie Marsh Institute and Social Statistics, School of Social Science, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
Int J Epidemiol. 2018 Feb 1;47(1):47-57. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyx150.
There is little evidence on whether becoming re-employed in poor quality work is better for health and well-being than remaining unemployed. We examined associations of job transition with health and chronic stress-related biomarkers among a population-representative cohort of unemployed British adults.
A prospective cohort of 1116 eligible participants aged 35 to 75 years, who were unemployed at wave 1 (2009/10) of the UK Household Longitudinal Study, were followed up at waves 2 (2010/11) and 3 (2011/12) for allostatic load biomarkers and self-reported health. Negative binomial and multiple regression models estimated the association between job adversity and these outcomes.
Compared with adults who remained unemployed, formerly unemployed adults who transitioned into poor quality jobs had higher levels of overall allostatic load (0.51, 0.32-0.71), log HbA1c (0.06, <0.001-0.12), log triglycerides (0.39, 0.22-0.56), log C-reactive protein (0.45, 0.16-0.75), log fibrinogen (0.09, 0.01-0.17) and total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio (1.38, 0.88-1.88). Moreover, physically healthier respondents at wave 1 were more likely to transition into good quality and poor quality jobs after 1 year than those who remained unemployed.
Formerly unemployed adults who transitioned into poor quality work had greater adverse levels of biomarkers compared with their peers who remained unemployed. The selection of healthier unemployed adults into these poor quality or stressful jobs was unlikely to explain their elevated levels of chronic stress-related biomarkers. Job quality cannot be disregarded from the employment success of the unemployed, and may have important implications for their health and well-being.
关于重新就业于低质量工作是否比失业对健康和福祉更有益，目前证据有限。我们研究了在具有代表性的失业英国成年人队列中，工作转换与健康和与慢性压力相关的生物标志物之间的关联。
这项前瞻性队列研究纳入了英国家庭纵向研究中在第 1 波（2009/10 年）失业的、年龄在 35 至 75 岁之间的 1116 名合格参与者，在第 2 波（2010/11 年）和第 3 波（2011/12 年）对他们进行了随访，以评估其整体压力负荷生物标志物和自我报告的健康状况。使用负二项式和多元回归模型来评估工作逆境与这些结局之间的关系。
与失业未发生变化的成年人相比，以前失业且转为低质量工作的成年人的总体压力负荷（0.51，0.32-0.71）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）（0.06，<0.001-0.12）、三酰甘油（0.39，0.22-0.56）、C 反应蛋白（0.45，0.16-0.75）、纤维蛋白原（0.09，0.01-0.17）和总胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白（HDL）比值（1.38，0.88-1.88）更高。此外，在第 1 波时健康状况较好的受访者在 1 年后更有可能转为高质量或低质量工作，而不是继续失业。
与失业未发生变化的同龄人相比，以前失业且转为低质量工作的成年人的生物标志物水平更差。将更健康的失业成年人纳入这些低质量或压力大的工作中，不太可能解释他们慢性压力相关生物标志物水平升高的原因。在失业者的就业成功中不能忽视工作质量，这可能对他们的健康和福祉有重要影响。
