Imazio Massimo, Gaita Fiorenzo
Department of Medical Sciences, University Cardiology, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Corso Bramante 88/90, Torino 10126, Italy.
Department of Medical Sciences, University Cardiology, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Corso Bramante 88/90, Torino 10126, Italy.
Cardiol Clin. 2017 Nov;35(4):505-513. doi: 10.1016/j.ccl.2017.07.004.
Acute and recurrent pericarditis is the most common pericardial syndrome encountered in clinical practice either as an isolated process or as part of a systemic disease. The diagnosis is based on clinical evaluation, electrocardiogram, and echocardiography. The empiric therapy is based on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs plus colchicine as first choice, resorting to corticosteroids for specific indications (eg, systemic inflammatory disease on corticosteroids, pregnancy, renal failure, concomitant oral anticoagulants), for contraindications or failure of the first-line therapy. The most common complication is recurrence, occurring in up to 30% of cases after a first episode of pericarditis.
急性和复发性心包炎是临床实践中最常见的心包综合征，可作为独立病症出现，也可作为全身性疾病的一部分。诊断基于临床评估、心电图和超声心动图。经验性治疗首选非甾体抗炎药加秋水仙碱，对于特定指征（如正在使用皮质类固醇的全身性炎症性疾病、妊娠、肾衰竭、同时使用口服抗凝剂）、存在禁忌证或一线治疗失败的情况，则采用皮质类固醇治疗。最常见的并发症是复发，在心包炎首次发作后，高达30%的病例会出现复发。
