Bhakta Mehul S, Gezan Salvador A, Clavijo Michelangeli Jose A, Carvalho Melissa, Zhang Li, Jones James W, Boote Kenneth J, Correll Melanie J, Beaver James, Osorno Juan M, Colbert Raphael, Rao Idupulapati, Beebe Stephen, Gonzalez Abiezer, Ricaurte Jaumer, Vallejos C Eduardo
Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611.
School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611.
G3 (Bethesda). 2017 Dec 4;7(12):3901-3912. doi: 10.1534/g3.117.300229.
The common bean is a tropical facultative short-day legume that is now grown in tropical and temperate zones. This observation underscores how domestication and modern breeding can change the adaptive phenology of a species. A key adaptive trait is the optimal timing of the transition from the vegetative to the reproductive stage. This trait is responsive to genetically controlled signal transduction pathways and local climatic cues. A comprehensive characterization of this trait can be started by assessing the quantitative contribution of the genetic and environmental factors, and their interactions. This study aimed to locate significant QTL (G) and environmental (E) factors controlling time-to-flower in the common bean, and to identify and measure G × E interactions. Phenotypic data were collected from a biparental [Andean × Mesoamerican] recombinant inbred population (F, 188 genotypes) grown at five environmentally distinct sites. QTL analysis using a dense linkage map revealed 12 QTL, five of which showed significant interactions with the environment. Dissection of G × E interactions using a linear mixed-effect model revealed that temperature, solar radiation, and photoperiod play major roles in controlling common bean flowering time directly, and indirectly by modifying the effect of certain QTL. The model predicts flowering time across five sites with an adjusted -square of 0.89 and root-mean square error of 2.52 d. The model provides the means to disentangle the environmental dependencies of complex traits, and presents an opportunity to identify QTL allele combinations that could yield desired phenotypes under different climatic conditions.
普通菜豆是一种热带兼性短日照豆科植物，目前在热带和温带地区均有种植。这一观察结果凸显了驯化和现代育种如何能够改变一个物种的适应性物候。一个关键的适应性特征是从营养生长阶段向生殖生长阶段过渡的最佳时间。这一特征对基因控制的信号转导途径和当地气候线索有响应。通过评估遗传和环境因素及其相互作用的定量贡献，可以开始对这一特征进行全面表征。本研究旨在定位控制普通菜豆开花时间的显著数量性状位点（QTL）（G）和环境（E）因素，并识别和测量G×E相互作用。从在五个环境不同的地点种植的双亲[安第斯×中美洲]重组自交群体（F，188个基因型）中收集了表型数据。使用密集连锁图谱进行的QTL分析揭示了12个QTL，其中5个与环境表现出显著相互作用。使用线性混合效应模型对G×E相互作用进行剖析表明，温度、太阳辐射和光周期在直接控制普通菜豆开花时间方面发挥主要作用，并且通过改变某些QTL的效应间接发挥作用。该模型预测了五个地点的开花时间，调整后的决定系数为0.89，均方根误差为2.52天。该模型提供了剖析复杂性状环境依赖性的方法，并提供了一个机会来识别在不同气候条件下可能产生所需表型的QTL等位基因组合。
