Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.
Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Science. 2017 Oct 13;358(6360). doi: 10.1126/science.aam5782.
Spaceborne measurements by NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) at the kilometer scale reveal distinct structures of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO) caused by known anthropogenic and natural point sources. OCO-2 transects across the Los Angeles megacity (USA) show that anthropogenic CO enhancements peak over the urban core and decrease through suburban areas to rural background values more than 100 kilometers away, varying seasonally from ~4.4 to 6.1 parts per million. A transect passing directly downwind of the persistent isolated natural CO plume from Yasur volcano (Vanuatu) shows a narrow filament of enhanced CO values (3.4 parts per million), consistent with a CO point source emitting 41.6 kilotons per day. These examples highlight the potential of the OCO-2 sensor, with its unprecedented resolution and sensitivity, to detect localized natural and anthropogenic CO sources.
美国宇航局（NASA）的轨道碳观测站-2（OCO-2）在公里尺度上的星载测量揭示了由已知人为和自然点源引起的大气二氧化碳（CO）的明显结构。OCO-2 横越洛杉矶大都市（美国），显示人为 CO 增强峰值出现在城市核心区，并通过郊区减少到 100 公里以外的农村背景值，季节性变化从约 4.4 到 6.1 百万分之一。一条直接从 Yasur 火山（瓦努阿图）持续孤立的自然 CO 羽流下风穿过的横切带显示出增强的 CO 值的狭窄细丝（约 3.4 百万分之一），与每天排放 41.6 千吨的 CO 点源一致。这些例子突出了 OCO-2 传感器的潜力，其具有前所未有的分辨率和灵敏度，可用于检测局部的自然和人为 CO 源。
