Berg Wiebke, Theisinger Ole, Dausmann Kathrin H
Department of Functional Ecology, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146, Hamburg, Germany.
Naturwissenschaften. 2017 Oct 13;104(11-12):91. doi: 10.1007/s00114-017-1506-0.
The physiological compensation of animals in changing environments through acclimatization has long been considered to be of minor importance in tropical ectotherms due to more stable climatic conditions compared to temperate regions. Contrasting this assumption are reports about a range of metabolic adjustments in tropical species, especially during the last two decades from field acclimatized animals. Metabolic rates are strongly linked to temperature in ectotherms but they also reflect energetic requirements and restrictions. We therefore postulate that the observed variety of acclimatization patterns in tropical reptiles results from an interaction of multiple influences, including food and water availability, rather than from thermal constraints alone. We present new data from two sympatric Malagasy lizards with contrasting acclimatization patterns and, complemented with an extensive literature search, discuss the variety of acclimatization patterns in tropical reptiles with regard to thermal and energetic influences. This broad consideration of constraints allows a rearrangement of apparently controversial patterns into a scheme of decreasing metabolic costs, including two new categories for selective and selective inverse acclimatization, where metabolic shifts are restricted to body temperatures below those preferred during activity.
长期以来，由于与温带地区相比气候条件更为稳定，人们一直认为热带变温动物通过适应环境变化进行的生理补偿作用不大。然而，与这一假设相反的是，有报道称热带物种存在一系列代谢调整，特别是在过去二十年中对野外适应环境的动物的研究。变温动物的代谢率与温度密切相关，但它们也反映了能量需求和限制。因此，我们推测热带爬行动物中观察到的各种适应模式是多种影响因素相互作用的结果，包括食物和水的可获得性，而不仅仅是热限制。我们展示了来自两种具有不同适应模式的同域马达加斯加蜥蜴的新数据，并通过广泛的文献检索进行补充，讨论了热带爬行动物在热和能量影响方面的各种适应模式。对这些限制因素的广泛考虑使得我们能够将明显有争议的模式重新排列成一个代谢成本降低的方案，其中包括选择性适应和选择性反向适应这两个新类别，在这两种情况下，代谢变化仅限于低于活动期间偏好体温的体温范围。
