Stuckler David, Reeves Aaron, Loopstra Rachel, Karanikolos Marina, McKee Martin
Dondena Research Centre, University of Bocconi, Milan Italy.
Department of Sociology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Eur J Public Health. 2017 Oct 1;27(suppl_4):18-21. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx167.
Austerity measures-reducing social spending and increasing taxation-hurts deprived groups the most. Less is known about the impact on health. In this short review, we evaluate the evidence of austerity's impact on health, through two main mechanisms: a 'social risk effect' of increasing unemployment, poverty, homelessness and other socio-economic risk factors (indirect), and a 'healthcare effect' through cuts to healthcare services, as well as reductions in health coverage and restricting access to care (direct). We distinguish those impacts of economic crises from those of austerity as a response to it. Where possible, data from across Europe will be drawn upon, as well as more extensive analysis of the UK's austerity measures performed by the authors of this review.
紧缩措施——削减社会支出并增加税收——对贫困群体的伤害最大。人们对其对健康的影响了解较少。在这篇简短的综述中，我们通过两个主要机制评估紧缩措施对健康影响的证据：增加失业、贫困、无家可归及其他社会经济风险因素所产生的“社会风险效应”（间接影响），以及通过削减医疗服务、减少医保覆盖范围和限制医疗服务可及性所产生的“医疗保健效应”（直接影响）。我们将经济危机的影响与作为应对措施的紧缩措施的影响区分开来。在可能的情况下，我们将借鉴来自欧洲各地的数据，以及本综述作者对英国紧缩措施进行的更广泛分析。
