Sekar Ramanan, DiChristina Thomas J
School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2017 Nov 15;364(21). doi: 10.1093/femsle/fnx203.
Oil spill components include a range of toxic saturated, aromatic and polar hydrocarbons, including pyrene and anthracene. Such contaminants harm natural ecosystems, adversely affect human health and negatively impact tourism and the fishing industries. Current physical, chemical and biological remediation technologies are often unable to completely remove recalcitrant oil spill components, which accumulate at levels greater than regulatory limits set by the Environmental Protection Agency. In the present study, a microbially driven Fenton reaction, previously shown to produce hydroxyl (HO • ) radicals that degrade chlorinated solvents and associated solvent stabilizers, was also found to degrade source zone concentrations of the oil spill components, pyrene (10 μM) and anthracene (1 μM), at initial rates of 0.82 and 0.20 μM h -1 , respectively. The pyrene- and anthracene-degrading Fenton reaction was driven by the metal-reducing facultative anaerobe Shewanella oneidensis exposed to alternating aerobic and anaerobic conditions in the presence of Fe(III). Similar to the chlorinated solvent degradation system, the pyrene and anthracene degradation systems required neither the continual supply of exogenous H 2 O 2 nor UV-induced Fe(III) reduction to regenerate Fe(II). The microbially driven Fenton reaction provides the foundation for the development of alternate ex situ and in situ oil and gas spill remediation technologies.
石油泄漏成分包括一系列有毒的饱和烃、芳烃和极性烃，其中包括芘和蒽。此类污染物会损害自然生态系统，对人类健康产生不利影响，并对旅游业和渔业造成负面影响。目前的物理、化学和生物修复技术往往无法完全去除顽固的石油泄漏成分，这些成分的累积水平超过了美国环境保护局设定的监管限值。在本研究中，一种微生物驱动的芬顿反应，此前已证明其能产生降解氯化溶剂及相关溶剂稳定剂的羟基（HO•）自由基，该反应还被发现能降解石油泄漏成分芘（10 μM）和蒽（1 μM）在源区的浓度，初始降解速率分别为0.82和0.20 μM h-1。芘和蒽降解的芬顿反应由金属还原兼性厌氧菌嗜铁素还原希瓦氏菌在有氧和无氧交替条件下、Fe(III)存在的情况下驱动。与氯化溶剂降解系统类似，芘和蒽降解系统既不需要持续供应外源H2O2，也不需要紫外线诱导的Fe(III)还原以再生Fe(II)。微生物驱动的芬顿反应为开发替代性异位和原位油气泄漏修复技术奠定了基础。
