Małyszko Jolanta, Kozlowski Leszek, Kozłowska Klaudia, Małyszko Maciej, Małyszko Jacek
Second Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
Department of Oncological Surgery, Ministry of Interior Affairs, Bialystok, Poland.
Oncotarget. 2017 May 23;8(39):66601-66619. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.18094. eCollection 2017 Sep 12.
A long time ago, the links between renal disease and malignancy were observed, however, quite recently, their importance was recognized and 'new' subspecialty in nephrology, namely 'onconephrology' was established. In the XXI century, patients with malignancy make up the most growing number of the subjects seen for nephrology consult and/or critical care nephrology services. A plethora of renal problems may be found in patients with malignancy. They may influence not only their short-term outcomes but also the adequate therapy of the underlying oncological problem. Thus, all these kidney-related issues pose an important challenge for both specialities: oncology and nephrology. In the review a spectrum of acute and chronic renal injury caused by the malignancy is presented as well as the associations between renal disease and cancer. Assessment of kidney function and its importance in patients with malignancy is also discussed as medical oncologists should check the appropriate dose of chemotherapeutic drugs in relation to the actual renal function before prescribing them to the patients. Moreover, effects of kidney function on outcomes in oncology is presented. In addition, nephrology services should better understand both the biology of malignancy with its treatment to become a valuable part treating team to yield the best possible outcome. It is important for nephrology services to be acknowledged and to take an active participation in care of oncology patients.
很久以前，人们就观察到肾脏疾病与恶性肿瘤之间的联系，然而，直到最近，它们的重要性才得到认可，肾脏病学领域出现了一个“新”的亚专业，即“肿瘤肾脏病学”。在21世纪，患有恶性肿瘤的患者是肾脏病咨询和/或重症监护肾脏病服务中数量增长最多的就诊对象。恶性肿瘤患者可能会出现大量肾脏问题。这些问题不仅可能影响他们的短期预后，还会影响潜在肿瘤问题的适当治疗。因此，所有这些与肾脏相关的问题对肿瘤学和肾脏病学这两个专业都构成了重大挑战。本综述介绍了由恶性肿瘤引起的一系列急性和慢性肾损伤，以及肾脏疾病与癌症之间的关联。还讨论了恶性肿瘤患者肾功能评估及其重要性，因为肿瘤内科医生在给患者开化疗药物之前，应根据实际肾功能检查化疗药物的合适剂量。此外，还介绍了肾功能对肿瘤学预后的影响。此外，肾脏病服务机构应更好地了解恶性肿瘤的生物学特性及其治疗方法，以便成为治疗团队中有价值的一部分，从而取得尽可能好的治疗效果。肾脏病服务机构得到认可并积极参与肿瘤患者的护理非常重要。
