Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Edaphology, University of Cordoba, 14071, Cordoba, Spain.
Faculty of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Sci Rep. 2017 Oct 13;7(1):13116. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-13384-2.
Herbicides are the most effective tools for controlling almost 99% of weeds. However, herbicide resistance is a primary concern in modern agriculture. The characterization in new areas and elucidation of the mechanisms of resistance are of vital importance in maintaining the sustainability of herbicides, including glyphosate. Nine populations of Lolium rigidum, showing different response patterns, were characterized as being glyphosate resistant (GR). The wide range of values in fresh weight reduction, survival, shikimic acid and EPSPS enzyme activity indicates a different or a combination resistance mechanism. The Line-3 population resulted in minimum reduction of fresh weight and survival values with respect to the glyphosate-susceptible (GS) population, showing 16.05- and 17.90-fold higher values, respectively. There were significant differences in the C-glyphosate translocation between GR and GS populations. Moreover, there were differences among the nine GR populations, but they exhibited a reduction in the remaining glyphosate translocation in the treated leaf. The EPSPS gene sequence revealed a Pro-106-Ser substitution in four populations, which could be characterized as being GR with non-target-site and target-site resistance mechanisms. This complexity of several resistance mechanisms makes it necessary to develop long-term integrated weed management strategies to limit further resistance dispersal.
除草剂是控制近 99%杂草的最有效工具。然而，除草剂抗性是现代农业的主要关注点。在新地区进行特征描述和阐明抗性机制对于维持除草剂（包括草甘膦）的可持续性至关重要。9 个具有不同反应模式的硬叶狗尾草种群被鉴定为具有抗草甘膦特性（GR）。鲜重减轻、存活、莽草酸和 EPSPS 酶活性的广泛值表明存在不同或组合的抗性机制。与草甘膦敏感（GS）种群相比，Line-3 种群的鲜重和存活率值最小，分别高出 16.05 倍和 17.90 倍。GR 和 GS 种群之间的 C-草甘膦转运存在显著差异。此外，9 个 GR 种群之间存在差异，但在处理叶片中剩余的草甘膦转运减少。EPSPS 基因序列显示四个种群中存在 Pro-106-Ser 取代，可被鉴定为具有非靶标和靶标抗性机制的 GR。这种多种抗性机制的复杂性使得有必要制定长期综合杂草管理策略来限制进一步的抗性扩散。
