Addiction Sciences Division, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3131 Harvey Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
AIDS Behav. 2018 Jun;22(6):2026-2032. doi: 10.1007/s10461-017-1928-x.
Cigarette smoking is prevalent in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) who abuse alcohol and/or illicit substances. This study evaluated whether smoking is predictive of virologic non-suppression (> 200 copies/mL) and low CD4 count (< 200 cells/mm) during 1-year follow-up in medically hospitalized, substance-using PLHIV recruited for a multi-site trial. Smoking status was assessed with the Heaviness of Smoking Index (HSI). Analyses revealed that, controlling for baseline differences and adherence to antiretroviral therapy, non-smokers (n = 237), compared to smokers scoring in the medium-to-high range on the HSI (n = 386), were significantly more likely to achieve viral suppression (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.02, 2.20). There was a significant smoking-by-time interaction for CD4 cell count (χ(1) = 4.08, p < .05), with smokers less likely to have low CD4 count at baseline and 6-month follow-up, but more likely to have low CD4 count at 12-month follow-up. The results suggest that smoking may play a role in immunological functioning in HIV-infected substance users. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01612169.
吸烟在滥用酒精和/或非法药物的 HIV/AIDS（艾滋病毒/艾滋病）感染者中很普遍。本研究评估了在接受医学住院治疗的、使用药物的 HIV 感染者中，吸烟状况是否可以预测在 1 年随访期间病毒学不抑制（>200 拷贝/ml）和低 CD4 计数（<200 个细胞/mm），这些感染者是参加多地点试验招募的。吸烟状况使用吸烟量指数（HSI）进行评估。分析显示，在控制基线差异和抗逆转录病毒治疗依从性的情况下，与 HSI 中值到高值范围内的吸烟者（n=386）相比，不吸烟者（n=237）更有可能实现病毒抑制（OR 1.50，95% CI 1.02，2.20）。CD4 细胞计数的吸烟与时间存在显著交互作用（χ(1) = 4.08，p < 0.05），吸烟者在基线和 6 个月随访时不太可能出现低 CD4 计数，但在 12 个月随访时更有可能出现低 CD4 计数。结果表明，吸烟可能在感染 HIV 的药物使用者的免疫功能中发挥作用。ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符：NCT01612169。
