Brown Jennifer L, Winhusen Theresa, DiClemente Ralph J, Sales Jessica M, Rose Eve S, Safonova Polina, Levina Olga, Belyakov Nikolay, Rassokhin Vadim V
a Addiction Sciences Division, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience , University of Cincinnati College of Medicine , Cincinnati , OH USA.
b Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education , Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University , Atlanta , GA , USA.
AIDS Care. 2017 Sep;29(9):1102-1106. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2017.1327645. Epub 2017 May 12.
Cigarette smoking among people living with HIV/AIDS is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, but findings regarding the association between cigarette smoking and HIV viral load and CD4+ lymphocyte counts have been inconsistent. This study characterized the prevalence of cigarette smoking among HIV-infected Russian women and examined the association between smoking frequency and quantity and HIV viral load and CD4+ lymphocyte counts. HIV-infected Russian women (N = 250; M age = 30.0) in St. Petersburg, Russia, completed an audio computer-assisted self-interview survey assessing cigarette use, antiretroviral medication adherence, and provided blood samples assayed for HIV viral load and CD4+ lymphocyte counts. The majority (60.4%) reported cigarette smoking in the past month; 49.0% of recent smokers were classified as moderate or heavy smokers, defined as smoking ≥10 cigarettes daily. Viral load status did not differ between infrequent smokers and regular smokers. However, moderate/heavy smokers (relative to light smokers) were more likely to have a detectable viral load (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.1, 5.1). There were no significant differences in CD4+ lymphocyte counts by smoking frequency or quantity of cigarettes smoked. Results highlight the need for additional research to examine the association between cigarette smoking and virologic suppression and markers of HIV disease progression. Adverse health consequences of cigarette smoking coupled with a potential link between heavy smoking and poor virologic suppression highlight the need for assessment of cigarette use and provision of evidence-based smoking-cessation interventions within HIV medical care.
感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的人群中吸烟与显著的发病率和死亡率相关，但关于吸烟与艾滋病毒载量及CD4+淋巴细胞计数之间关联的研究结果并不一致。本研究描述了俄罗斯感染艾滋病毒女性的吸烟流行情况，并考察了吸烟频率和数量与艾滋病毒载量及CD4+淋巴细胞计数之间的关联。俄罗斯圣彼得堡的250名感染艾滋病毒的女性（平均年龄30.0岁）完成了一项音频计算机辅助自我访谈调查，该调查评估了吸烟情况、抗逆转录病毒药物依从性，并采集了血样以检测艾滋病毒载量和CD4+淋巴细胞计数。大多数人（60.4%）报告在过去一个月内吸烟；49.0%的近期吸烟者被归类为中度或重度吸烟者，定义为每天吸烟≥10支。偶尔吸烟者和经常吸烟者的病毒载量状态没有差异。然而，中度/重度吸烟者（相对于轻度吸烟者）更有可能检测到病毒载量（调整后比值比=2.3，95%置信区间：1.1，5.1）。CD4+淋巴细胞计数在吸烟频率或吸烟量方面没有显著差异。结果凸显了需要开展更多研究来考察吸烟与病毒学抑制以及艾滋病毒疾病进展标志物之间的关联。吸烟对健康的不良影响，再加上重度吸烟与病毒学抑制不佳之间的潜在联系，凸显了在艾滋病毒医疗护理中评估吸烟情况并提供基于证据的戒烟干预措施的必要性。
