Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology, Department of Applied Biosciences, Ghent University, Valentin Vaerwyckweg 1, BE-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Laboratory of Applied Mycology and Phenotyping, Department of Applied Biosciences, Ghent University, Valentin Vaerwyckweg 1, BE-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Waste Manag. 2018 Jan;71:122-128. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.09.039. Epub 2017 Oct 9.
Food and feed stocks heavily contaminated with mycotoxins are rendered unfit for consumption and therefore discarded as waste. Due to the lack of guidelines and in accordance with the prudent avoidance principle, these waste streams are often incinerated. For better valorization, these streams could be used as input for anaerobic digestion. However, the degradation of multiple mycotoxins during anaerobic digestion and their effect on the methane production is currently unknown. In batch tests spiked with mycotoxins, aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone and T-2 toxin were degraded for more than 90%. For mesophile and thermophile digestion respectively, fumonisin B1 was degraded for 70% and 85%, and most ergot alkaloids for 64% and 98%. Neither biogas production, nor methane production were influenced by the presence of the mycotoxins. Subsequently, semi-continuous reactors fed with contaminated maize resulted in more than 99% degradation for all mycotoxins after 1.8 hydraulic retention time with stable biogas production and process parameters. This study shows that mycotoxin contaminated organic waste can be safely valorized to methane while the digestate is void of mycotoxin residues.
受真菌毒素严重污染的食物和饲料原料不适合食用，因此作为废物丢弃。由于缺乏指导方针，并根据谨慎避免原则，这些废物通常被焚烧。为了更好地利用，这些废物可以作为厌氧消化的投入。然而，目前尚不清楚多种真菌毒素在厌氧消化过程中的降解情况及其对甲烷生成的影响。在添加真菌毒素的分批试验中，黄曲霉毒素 B1、赭曲霉毒素 A、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、玉米赤霉烯酮和 T-2 毒素的降解率超过 90%。对于中温菌和嗜热菌消化，分别有 70%和 85%的伏马菌素 B1 被降解，而大多数麦角生物碱有 64%和 98%被降解。真菌毒素的存在既不影响沼气产量，也不影响甲烷产量。随后，用受污染的玉米喂养半连续式反应器，在 1.8 水力停留时间后，所有真菌毒素的降解率均超过 99%，沼气产量和工艺参数稳定。这项研究表明，受真菌毒素污染的有机废物可以安全地转化为甲烷，而消化物中没有真菌毒素残留。
