Surgical Management of Mycotic Aortic Aneurysms.

A mycotic aneurysm is an uncommon disease associated with a high mortality rate when managed surgically. This study reviewed our experiences in the surgical management of mycotic aortic aneurysms. In total, 26 patients who underwent surgery for a mycotic aneurysm were retrospectively reviewed. The mycotic aneurysms involved the thoracic aorta in 9 patients, the thoracoabdominal aorta in 4 patients, and the abdominal aorta in 13 patients. An overt aortic rupture in the mediastinum or retroperitoneal space was detected in 4 patients. Patients were classified into one of two groups, febrile or afebrile, and background characteristics, surgical intervention, and early and late mortalities were all compared. There were 19 patients who underwent open surgery, and 7 patients underwent endovascular repair. No significant differences in the clinical characteristics were found between the two groups; however, the incidence of postoperative complications was significantly higher in the febrile group than in the afebrile group (P=0.024). Overall mortality was 15.4% (4/26), and 30-day mortality was 7.7% (2/26). Although febrile patients had a higher incidence of postoperative complications, surgical mortality from a mycotic aneurysm was within an acceptable range. Each patient should be thoroughly evaluated and treated on a case-by-case basis, using conventional open repair, endovascular repair, or a combination of both approaches.