Delaney Kate E, Donovan Jayne
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation, West Orange, NJ, USA.
NeuroRehabilitation. 2017;41(2):317-329. doi: 10.3233/NRE-172200.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune condition affecting young women and men, resulting in varied disabilities, including sexual dysfunction.
This narrative review aims to describe the prevalence, pathophysiology, and impact of sexual dysfunction in people with MS (PwMS); provide a review of current assessment and treatment strategies; and offer considerations for future care.
Literature review was performed to identify primary and secondary sources discussing sexual dysfunction in PwMS.
Sexual dysfunction is common in PwMS and can occur throughout the disease course. Sexual dysfunction is associated with depression, reduced quality of life, and may have broader implications related to relationships, fertility, pregnancy, and parenting. The etiology is often multifactorial and can be classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary dysfunction. Sexual dysfunction in PwMS is underdiagnosed and undertreated; however, many healthcare providers may already have the skills required to care for PwMS with sexual dysfunction.
Additional education for providers regarding the approach to assessment and management of sexual dysfunction, their potential role in treatment, and available specialized resources is needed. The role of interdisciplinary care with collaboration among providers should be considered. Further research should evaluate the impact of specific assessment tools and treatments on sexual dysfunction in PwMS.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种影响年轻女性和男性的自身免疫性疾病，会导致包括性功能障碍在内的多种残疾。
本叙述性综述旨在描述多发性硬化症患者（PwMS）性功能障碍的患病率、病理生理学及影响；综述当前的评估和治疗策略；并为未来的护理提供思考。
进行文献综述以识别讨论PwMS性功能障碍的主要和次要来源。
性功能障碍在PwMS中很常见，可在疾病全过程中出现。性功能障碍与抑郁、生活质量下降相关，可能对人际关系、生育、妊娠和育儿有更广泛的影响。病因通常是多因素的，可分为原发性、继发性或三发性功能障碍。PwMS中的性功能障碍诊断不足且治疗不足；然而，许多医疗服务提供者可能已经具备护理患有性功能障碍的PwMS患者所需的技能。
需要为医疗服务提供者提供更多关于性功能障碍评估和管理方法、他们在治疗中的潜在作用以及可用的专业资源的教育。应考虑医疗服务提供者之间跨学科协作护理的作用。进一步的研究应评估特定评估工具和治疗方法对PwMS性功能障碍的影响。
