Occupational Therapy, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia.
Occupational Therapy, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia; Occupational Therapy, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, 120 Spencer St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; Jönköping University, Gjuterigatan 5, Box 1026, 551 11, Jönköping, Sweden; School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
Accid Anal Prev. 2017 Dec;109:70-77. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2017.10.002. Epub 2017 Oct 15.
Young drivers with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are at higher risk of road traffic injuries than their peers. Increased risk correlates with poor hazard perception skill. Few studies have investigated hazard perception training using computer technology with this group of drivers.
*Determine the presence and magnitude of the between-group and within- subject change in hazard perception skills in young drivers with ADHD who receive Drive Smart training. *Determine whether training-facilitated change in hazard perception is maintained over time.
This was a feasibility study, randomised control trial conducted in Australia. The design included a delayed treatment for the control group. Twenty-five drivers with a diagnosis of ADHD were randomised to the Immediate Intervention or Delayed Intervention group.The Immediate Intervention group received a training session using a computer application entitled Drive Smart. The Delayed Intervention group watched a documentary video initially (control condition), followed by the Drive Smart computer training session. The participant's hazard perception skill was measured using the Hazard Perception Test (HPT).
After adjusting for baseline scores, there was a significant betweengroup difference in post-intervention HPT change scores in favour of the Immediate Intervention group. The magnitude of the effect was large. There was no significant within-group delayed intervention effect. A significant maintenance effect was found at 6-week follow-up for the Immediate Intervention group.
The hazard perception skills of participants improved following training with large effect size and some maintenance of gain. A multimodal approach to training is indicated to facilitate maintenance. A full-scale trial is feasible.
患有注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的年轻驾驶员发生道路交通伤害的风险高于同龄人。风险增加与危险感知技能差有关。很少有研究使用计算机技术对这组驾驶员进行危险感知训练。
*确定接受 Smart 驾驶培训的 ADHD 年轻驾驶员的危险感知技能在组间和个体内是否存在变化，以及变化的程度。*确定危险感知训练促进的变化是否随时间保持。
这是在澳大利亚进行的一项可行性研究，随机对照试验。设计包括对对照组进行延迟治疗。25 名被诊断为 ADHD 的驾驶员被随机分配到即时干预组或延迟干预组。即时干预组使用名为 Smart 驾驶的计算机应用程序接受了一次培训课程。延迟干预组最初观看了一部纪录片视频（对照条件），然后接受 Smart 驾驶计算机培训课程。参与者的危险感知技能使用危险感知测试（HPT）进行测量。
在调整基线分数后，即时干预组在干预后 HPT 变化得分方面存在显著的组间差异，有利于即时干预组。效应的大小很大。在组内延迟干预方面没有显著效果。即时干预组在 6 周随访时发现了显著的维持效应。
经过培训，参与者的危险感知技能有所提高，效果显著，且有一定的保持。需要采用多模式方法进行培训以促进保持。全规模试验是可行的。
