Regulation of different polyketide biosynthesis by green light in an endophytic fungus of mangrove leaf.

Light is an important environmental signal for many organisms. The light response reports of fungi usually focus on blue light and red light. Although the green light sensor has also been found in several fungi, the knowledge of the green light response in fungi is very limited. sp. (No. 1403) is a light-sensitive endophytic fungus of mangrove leaf. In this study, we explored the specific effects of monochromatic blue light, red light, and green light on polyketides biosynthesis in sp. (No. 1403), respectively. The major polyketides produced in sp. (No. 1403) are octaketides (1403C and 1403R) and heptaketide (griseofulvin). All monochromatic light enhanced octaketide biosynthesis and inhibited heptaketide biosynthesis to some extent compared with the dark condition. Most prominently, the total production of octaketides was increased by 76%, and the production of heptaketide was decreased by 73% under green light in bioreactor. Therefore, green light can not only influence the secondary metabolism in fungi, but also it can influence different biosynthetic pathways in different ways. We speculate that the significant effect of green light on mangrove leaf endophytic fungus sp. (No. 1403) may be a kind of environmental adaptation to plant photosynthesis.