Reichling J J, Kaplan M M
Department of Medicine, New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02111.
Dig Dis Sci. 1988 Dec;33(12):1601-14. doi: 10.1007/BF01535953.
Some of the many enzymes found in hepatocytes can be measured in the serum and are used as tests of liver function. We now review the current knowledge of their physiology and pathophysiology and outline their clinical usefulness. We divide them into two categories: enzymes that primarily reflect cholestasis, such as the alkaline phosphatase, the 5'-nucleotidase, and the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and those that primarily reflect hepatocellular necrosis, such as the aminotransferases. We also briefly discuss several enzymes of more limited usefulness.
肝细胞中发现的多种酶中的一些可以在血清中检测到，并用作肝功能测试。我们现在回顾一下它们的生理学和病理生理学的现有知识，并概述它们的临床用途。我们将它们分为两类：主要反映胆汁淤积的酶，如碱性磷酸酶、5'-核苷酸酶和γ-谷氨酰转肽酶，以及主要反映肝细胞坏死的酶，如转氨酶。我们还简要讨论了几种用途较为有限的酶。
