a Department of Physical Activity and Sport Science, Sport Science Faculty , Catholic University of Murcia , Murcia , Spain.
b UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport , Murcia , Spain.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2018 Feb;18(1):92-103. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2017.1388850. Epub 2017 Oct 18.
Recent studies have reported that resistance training in hypoxia (RTH) may augment muscle size and strength development. However, consensus on the effects of RTH via systematic review and meta-analysis is not yet available. This work aimed to systematically review studies which have investigated using RTH versus normoxic resistance training (NRT) to improve muscular size and strength, and to perform a meta-analysis to determine the effect of RTH on these adaptive parameters. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library from database inception until 17 June 2017 for original articles assessing the effects of RTH on muscle size and strength versus NRT. The effects on outcomes were expressed as standardized mean differences (SMD). Nine studies (158 participants) reported on the effects of RTH versus NRT for muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) (n = 4) or strength (n = 6). RTH significantly increased CSA (SMD = 0.70, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.05, 1.35; p = .04) and strength (SMD = 1.88; 95% CI = 1.20, 2.56; p < .00001). However, RTH did not produce significant change in CSA (SMD = 0.24, 95% CI -0.19, 0.68, p = .27) or strength (SMD = 0.20; 95% CI = -0.27, 0.78; p = .23) when compared to NRT. Although RTH improved muscle size and strength, this protocol did not provide significant benefit over resistance training in normoxia. Nevertheless, this paper identified marked differences in methodologies for implementing RTH, and future research using standardized protocols is therefore warranted.
最近的研究报告称，低氧环境下的抗阻训练（RTH）可能会增强肌肉大小和力量的发展。然而，通过系统评价和荟萃分析对 RTH 的影响尚未达成共识。本研究旨在系统地综述研究 RTH 与常氧抗阻训练（NRT）对肌肉大小和力量的影响，并进行荟萃分析以确定 RTH 对这些适应性参数的影响。从数据库建立开始至 2017 年 6 月 17 日，在 PubMed、Web of Science 和 Cochrane Library 中进行了检索，以评估 RTH 对肌肉大小和力量的影响与 NRT 的比较的原始文章。结果以标准化均数差（SMD）表示。有 9 项研究（158 名参与者）报道了 RTH 与 NRT 对肌肉横截面积（CSA）（n=4）或力量（n=6）的影响。RTH 显著增加 CSA（SMD=0.70，95%置信区间（CI）0.05，1.35；p=0.04）和力量（SMD=1.88；95% CI 1.20，2.56；p<0.00001）。然而，与 NRT 相比，RTH 对 CSA（SMD=0.24，95% CI-0.19，0.68，p=0.27）或力量（SMD=0.20；95% CI-0.27，0.78；p=0.23）的影响没有显著变化。虽然 RTH 改善了肌肉大小和力量，但与常氧抗阻训练相比，该方案并没有提供显著的益处。然而，本文发现了实施 RTH 的方法学上的显著差异，因此需要进行使用标准化方案的未来研究。
