Suppr超能文献

前铁幕仍在驱动德国农业的生物多样性与经济效益权衡。

The former Iron Curtain still drives biodiversity-profit trade-offs in German agriculture.

机构信息

Agroecology, University of Goettingen, Grisebachstraße 6, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.

GINOP Sustainable Ecosystems Group, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Klebelsberg Kuno utca 3, 8237, Tihany, Hungary.

出版信息

Nat Ecol Evol. 2017 Sep;1(9):1279-1284. doi: 10.1038/s41559-017-0272-x. Epub 2017 Aug 21.

Abstract

Agricultural intensification drives biodiversity loss and shapes farmers' profit, but the role of legacy effects and detailed quantification of ecological-economic trade-offs are largely unknown. In Europe during the 1950s, the Eastern communist bloc switched to large-scale farming by forced collectivization of small farms, while the West kept small-scale private farming. Here we show that large-scale agriculture in East Germany reduced biodiversity, which has been maintained in West Germany due to >70% longer field edges than those in the East. In contrast, profit per farmland area in the East was 50% higher than that in the West, despite similar yield levels. In both regions, switching from conventional to organic farming increased biodiversity and halved yield levels, but doubled farmers' profits. In conclusion, European Union policy should acknowledge the surprisingly high biodiversity benefits of small-scale agriculture, which are on a par with conversion to organic agriculture.

摘要

农业集约化推动了生物多样性的丧失和农民利润的形成,但遗留效应的作用和生态经济权衡的详细量化在很大程度上仍是未知的。20 世纪 50 年代,在欧洲,东欧的共产主义集团通过强行将小农场集体化转为大规模农业,而西方则保留了小规模的私人农业。在这里,我们表明,东德的大规模农业减少了生物多样性,而西德由于农田边缘比东德长>70%,从而维持了生物多样性。相比之下,尽管产量水平相似,但东部每英亩农田的利润比西部高 50%。在这两个地区,从传统农业向有机农业的转变都增加了生物多样性,使产量降低了一半,但使农民的利润增加了一倍。总之,欧盟政策应该认识到小规模农业令人惊讶的高生物多样性效益,这与向有机农业的转变相当。

文献AI研究员

20分钟写一篇综述,助力文献阅读效率提升50倍。

立即体验

用中文搜PubMed

大模型驱动的PubMed中文搜索引擎

马上搜索

文档翻译

学术文献翻译模型,支持多种主流文档格式。

立即体验