Moody Lara N, Poe Lindsey M, Bickel Warren K
Addiction Recovery Research Center, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2017 Oct;25(5):373-379. doi: 10.1037/pha0000136.
Despite reductions in cigarette smoking in the United States, approximately 40 million Americans are smokers. Innovative interventions are needed to help remaining smokers quit. To develop innovative interventions, precise and effective tools are needed. Here, a laboratory model of smoking relapse is assessed for its ability to detect increased resistance to smoking across 2 interventions and for its sensitivity to differing degrees of effectiveness. Nicotine-deprived participants (N = 36) completed, in randomized order, 4 smoking resistance sessions with and without implementation intentions and monetary incentives. A Cox proportional hazard mixed-effects model indicated significant differences between condition, χ²(3) = 64.87, p < .001, and the Questionnaire on Smoking Urges, χ²(1) = 4.86, p = .03. Comparisons between conditions were used to estimate the effect size of each condition on delay to smoking reinitiation. The implementation intentions intervention had a small effect (d = 0.32), the monetary incentives had a large effect (d = 0.89) and the combination of both interventions had a large effect size (d = 1.20). This initial investigation of the smoking resistance paradigm showed sensitivity to smoking reinitiation across intervention conditions. Individuals resisted smoking significantly more in the presence of monetary incentives and implementation intentions than without these interventions. These results provide support for further examination of these interventions in more translational settings and the use of this laboratory analog to screen future interventions and treatment packages. (PsycINFO Database Record
尽管美国吸烟人数有所减少，但仍有约4000万美国人吸烟。需要创新的干预措施来帮助剩余的吸烟者戒烟。为了开发创新的干预措施，需要精确有效的工具。在此，对吸烟复发的实验室模型进行评估，以检测其在两种干预措施下对吸烟抵抗力增加的检测能力以及对不同程度有效性的敏感性。尼古丁剥夺的参与者（N = 36）以随机顺序完成了4次有或没有实施意图和金钱激励的吸烟抵抗力训练。Cox比例风险混合效应模型表明，不同条件之间存在显著差异，χ²(3) = 64.87，p < .001，以及吸烟冲动问卷，χ²(1) = 4.86，p = .03。通过比较不同条件来估计每种条件对吸烟重新开始延迟的影响大小。实施意图干预有较小的效果（d = 0.32），金钱激励有较大的效果（d = 0.89），两种干预措施的组合有较大的效果大小（d = 1.20）。对吸烟抵抗力范式的初步研究表明，其对不同干预条件下的吸烟重新开始具有敏感性。与没有这些干预措施相比，个体在有金钱激励和实施意图的情况下显著更能抵抗吸烟。这些结果为在更多转化环境中进一步研究这些干预措施以及使用这个实验室模拟模型来筛选未来的干预措施和治疗方案提供了支持。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
