Protano C, Astolfi M L, Canepari S, Andreoli R, Mutti A, Valeriani F, Romano Spica V, Antonucci A, Mattei V, Martellucci S, Vitali M
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
Ann Ig. 2017 Nov-Dec;29(6):494-503. doi: 10.7416/ai.2017.2180.
Exposure to single and multiple carcinogenic metals and/or semimetals represents a major environmental risk factor for public health. In particular, children are more susceptible to environmental pollutants than adults, but specific studies are still limited. The aims of the present study were: 1) to trace the exposure and co-exposure profiles to eight known or suspected carcinogenic metals and semimetals (As, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Sb); and: 2) to evaluate the influence of some possible interfering/confounding factors on the exposure to these elements during childhood.
Cross-sectional study.
We recruited 159 healthy Italian children attending a primary school of the urban area of Rome, Italy. Selected metals were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry on urinary samples collected at the end of a "typical" day (one sample for each child), while information about possible confounding/interfering factors were collected via questionnaires.
The great part of the studied children resulted co-exposed to the monitored metals: 83.2%, 69.2%, 51.0% and 29.3% of the participants were concurrently exposed to at least two, three, four and five trace elements, respectively. Gender was the only one among the investigated variable that significantly influenced the co-exposure, with females resulting at lower risk (OR = 0.392; 95 IC = 0.156 - 0.989; p < 0.047).
Given the importance of protecting child's health and the risks related to the exposure to carcinogenic metals, especially when they occur simultaneously, other researches in this field are strongly recommended.
接触单一及多种致癌金属和/或类金属是公共卫生的主要环境风险因素。尤其是儿童比成人更容易受到环境污染物的影响，但相关具体研究仍然有限。本研究的目的是：1）追踪八种已知或疑似致癌金属和类金属（砷、铍、镉、钴、铬、镍、铅和锑）的暴露及共同暴露情况；2）评估一些可能的干扰/混杂因素对儿童期这些元素暴露的影响。
横断面研究。
我们招募了159名健康的意大利儿童，他们就读于意大利罗马市区的一所小学。通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定在“典型”一天结束时采集的尿液样本中的选定金属（每个儿童一个样本），同时通过问卷收集有关可能的混杂/干扰因素的信息。
大部分被研究儿童同时暴露于所监测的金属：分别有83.2%、69.2%、51.0%和29.3%的参与者同时暴露于至少两种、三种、四种和五种微量元素。在所调查的变量中，性别是唯一显著影响共同暴露的因素，女性的风险较低（OR = 0.392；95%置信区间 = 0.156 - 0.989；p < 0.047）。
鉴于保护儿童健康的重要性以及与致癌金属暴露相关的风险，尤其是当它们同时出现时，强烈建议在该领域开展其他研究。
