2015年美国成年人携带上膛手枪的情况
Loaded Handgun Carrying Among US Adults, 2015.
作者信息
Rowhani-Rahbar Ali, Azrael Deborah, Lyons Vivian H, Simonetti Joseph A, Miller Matthew
机构信息
Ali Rowhani-Rahbar and Vivian H. Lyons are with the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and the Harborview Injury Prevention & Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle. Deborah Azrael is with the Department of Health Policy and Management and the Harvard Injury Control Research Center, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA. Joseph A. Simonetti is with the Division of General Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, and the Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Healthcare System, Denver. Matthew Miller is with the Department of Health Sciences, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, and the Harvard Injury Control Research Center, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2017 Dec;107(12):1930-1936. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2017.304072. Epub 2017 Oct 19.
OBJECTIVES
To determine the frequency of loaded handgun carrying among US adult handgun owners, characterize those who carry, and examine concealed carrying by state concealed carry laws.
METHODS
Using a nationally representative survey of US adults in 2015, we asked handgun owners (n = 1444) about their past-30-day carrying behavior.
RESULTS
Among surveyed handgun owners, 24% (95% confidence interval[CI] = 21%, 26%) carried loaded handguns monthly, of whom 35% (95% CI = 29%, 41%) did so daily; 82% (95% CI = 77%, 86%) carried primarily for protection. The proportion of handgun owners who carried concealed loaded handguns in the past 30 days was 21% (95% CI = 12%, 35%) in unrestricted states, 25% (95% CI = 21%, 29%) in shall issue-no discretion states, 20% (95% CI = 16%, 24%) in shall issue-limited discretion states, and 9% (95% CI = 6%, 15%) in may-issue states.
CONCLUSIONS
We estimate that 9 million US adult handgun owners carry loaded handguns monthly, 3 million do so every day, and most report protection as the main carrying reason. Proportionally fewer handgun owners carry concealed loaded handguns in states that allow issuing authorities substantial discretion in granting carrying permits.
目的
确定美国成年手枪拥有者中携带上膛手枪的频率，描述携带手枪者的特征，并根据各州的隐蔽携带法律研究隐蔽携带情况。
方法
利用2015年对美国成年人进行的一项具有全国代表性的调查，我们询问了手枪拥有者（n = 1444）过去30天的携带行为。
结果
在接受调查的手枪拥有者中，24%（95%置信区间[CI]=21%，26%）每月携带上膛手枪，其中35%（95%CI = 29%，41%）每天都携带；82%（95%CI = 77%，86%）携带手枪主要是为了自我保护。在过去30天里，在无限制州，隐蔽携带上膛手枪的手枪拥有者比例为21%（95%CI = 12%，35%）；在应发无自由裁量权州为25%（95%CI = 21%，29%）；在应发有限自由裁量权州为20%（95%CI = 16%，24%）；在可发州为9%（95%CI = 6%，15%）。
结论
我们估计，900万美国成年手枪拥有者每月携带上膛手枪，300万人每天都这样做，而且大多数人报告称携带手枪的主要原因是自我保护。在允许发证当局在发放携带许可证方面拥有很大自由裁量权的州，携带隐蔽上膛手枪的手枪拥有者比例相对较少。
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