儿童注意缺陷多动障碍症状与未来非法药物使用：青少年吸烟的作用。
Childhood ADHD Symptoms and Future Illicit Drug Use: The Role of Adolescent Cigarette Use.
机构信息
Department of Family Life, Brigham Young University.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University.
出版信息
J Pediatr Psychol. 2018 Mar 1;43(2):162-171. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsx098.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study is to understand how early cigarette use might predict subsequent illicit drug use, especially among individuals with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms during childhood.
METHODS
Data were drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Waves I-IV). The analysis sample involves participants who had not used illicit drugs at Wave I, with no missing responses for studied predictors (N = 7,332).
RESULTS
Smoking status at Wave I (ever regular vs. never regular) and childhood ADHD symptoms predicted subsequent illicit drug use at Waves II to IV. No interaction effect of smoking status at Wave I and childhood ADHD symptoms was found. However, an indirect effect from childhood ADHD symptoms on illicit drug use was identified, through smoking status at Wave I. Similar results were observed for predicting illicit drug dependence.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings support the notion that smoking status during early adolescence may mediate the association between childhood ADHD symptoms and risk of later adult drug use. Interventions to prevent smoking among adolescents may be particularly effective at decreasing subsequent drug use, especially among children with ADHD symptoms.
目的
本研究旨在了解早期吸烟如何预测随后的非法药物使用，特别是在儿童时期有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）症状的人群中。
方法
数据来自青少年健康纵向研究（波 I-IV）。分析样本包括在波 I 时未使用非法药物且未缺失研究预测因素的参与者（N=7332）。
结果
波 I 时的吸烟状况（经常吸烟与从不吸烟）和儿童时期的 ADHD 症状预测了波 II 至 IV 时的随后的非法药物使用。未发现波 I 时的吸烟状况与儿童时期 ADHD 症状之间的交互效应。然而，通过波 I 时的吸烟状况，发现了 ADHD 症状对非法药物使用的间接影响。对于预测非法药物依赖，也观察到了类似的结果。
结论
研究结果支持这样一种观点，即青少年早期的吸烟状况可能在儿童时期 ADHD 症状与成年后药物使用风险之间起中介作用。针对青少年吸烟的干预措施可能特别有效，可以减少随后的药物使用，特别是在有 ADHD 症状的儿童中。
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