School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Research Center of Lipid Science and Applied Engineering Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
School of Medicine, Deakin University, Locked Bag, 20000, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
Prog Lipid Res. 2017 Oct;68:119-137. doi: 10.1016/j.plipres.2017.10.002. Epub 2017 Oct 16.
Furan fatty acids are found in plants, algae, and fish, and reported to have some positive health benefits, including anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and inhibition of non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation. A major metabolite of furan fatty acids, 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoic acid (CMPF), has been reported to be increased in patients who progress from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes, although CMPF is not necessarily associated with impaired glucose metabolism. Other studies report that CMPF levels are lower in subjects with diabetes than control subjects. Plasma CMPF levels increase in subjects who consume fish or fish oil, and in patients with renal failure. It is not known where furan fatty acids are converted to CMPF and it is speculated that this might be a result of microbiome activity. The plasma levels reported for CMPF in healthy, diabetic and patients with renal disease vary by factors of more than 100-fold within each of these three groups, so measurement error appears to be limiting the ability to interpret studies. This review explores these controversies and raises questions about whether CMPF is a marker for healthy diets or indeed associated with diabetes and renal health. The review concludes that, on balance, furan fatty acids are beneficial for health.
呋喃脂肪酸存在于植物、藻类和鱼类中，据报道具有一些积极的健康益处，包括抗氧化和抗炎活性，以及抑制非酶脂质过氧化。呋喃脂肪酸的一种主要代谢物，3-羧基-4-甲基-5-丙基-2-呋喃丙酸（CMPF），据报道在从前驱糖尿病发展为 2 型糖尿病的患者中增加，尽管 CMPF 不一定与葡萄糖代谢受损有关。其他研究报告称，糖尿病患者的 CMPF 水平低于对照组。食用鱼类或鱼油的受试者以及肾衰竭患者的血浆 CMPF 水平升高。目前尚不清楚呋喃脂肪酸转化为 CMPF 的位置，据推测这可能是微生物组活动的结果。在健康、糖尿病和肾病患者中报告的 CMPF 血浆水平在这三组中的每一组内都相差 100 多倍，因此测量误差似乎限制了对研究的解释能力。本综述探讨了这些争议，并提出了关于 CMPF 是否是健康饮食的标志物，或者是否与糖尿病和肾脏健康有关的问题。综述得出的结论是，总的来说，呋喃脂肪酸对健康有益。
