a School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia , Nibong Tebal , Penang , Malaysia.
Int J Phytoremediation. 2018;20(12):1179-1186. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2017.1375895.
Macrophytes have been used to mitigate eutrophication and upgrade effluent quality via their nutrient removal capability. However, the available data are influenced by factors such as microbial activities, weather, and wastewater quality, making comparison between nutrient removal performance of different macrophytes almost impossible. In this study, phytoremediation by Spirodela polyrhiza, Salvinia molesta and Lemna sp. were carried out axenically in synthetic wastewater under controlled condition to precisely evaluate nutrient removal efficiency of NO-N, PO, NH-N, COD and pH in the water sample. The results showed that ammonia removal was rapid, significant for S. polyrhiza and Lemna sp., with efficiency of 60% and 41% respectively within 2 days. S. polyrhiza was capable of reducing 30% of the nitrate. Lemna sp. achieved the highest phosphate reduction of 86% at day 12 to mere 1.07 mg/L PO-P. Correlation was found between COD and TC, suggesting the release of organic substances by macrophytes into the medium. All the macrophytes showed biomass increment. S. polyrhiza outperformed other macrophytes in nutrient removal despite lower biomass production. The acquired nutrient removal profiles can serve as a guideline for the selection of suitable macrophytes in wastewater treatment and to evaluate microbial activity in non-aseptic phytoremediation system.
水生植物已被用于通过其去除营养物的能力来减轻富营养化并改善出水水质。然而，现有数据受到微生物活动、天气和废水质量等因素的影响，使得不同水生植物的营养物去除性能之间的比较几乎不可能。在这项研究中，采用浮萍、满江红和浮萍在合成废水中进行了无菌植物修复，在受控条件下精确评估水样中 NO-N、PO、NH-N、COD 和 pH 的营养物去除效率。结果表明，氨的去除速度很快，对浮萍和浮萍的去除效果显著，在 2 天内分别达到 60%和 41%。浮萍能够去除 30%的硝酸盐。浮萍在第 12 天达到最高的磷酸盐去除率，仅为 1.07 mg/L PO-P。发现 COD 与 TC 之间存在相关性，表明水生植物向介质中释放有机物质。所有的水生植物都表现出生物量的增加。尽管浮萍的生物量产量较低，但在去除营养物方面的表现优于其他水生植物。所获得的营养物去除谱可以作为在废水处理中选择合适的水生植物的指南，并评估非无菌植物修复系统中的微生物活性。
