Sessford James D, Brawley Lawrence R
College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, 87 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B2, Canada.
Scand J Pain. 2017 Oct;17:373-377. doi: 10.1016/j.sjpain.2017.09.016. Epub 2017 Oct 18.
Pain acceptance, measured by the chronic pain acceptance questionnaire (CPAQ), is related to exercise adherence for those with arthritis. The CPAQ measure has 20 items comprising two subscales -- pain willingness and activities engagement about pursuing "valued daily activities" despite pain. However, exercise is not specified as a valued activity and respondents may be considering other activities raising generalizability and strength of prediction concerns.
Accordingly, a modified CPAQ solely for exercise (CPAQ-E) was developed to heighten salience to pursuit of exercise in the face of pain. An exercising sample with arthritis (N=98) completed the CPAQ-E at baseline and exercise 2 weeks later. Exploratory factor analysis of the CPAQ-E was performed using Mplus. Regression was used to predict exercise.
Analysis revealed a two-factor, 14 item model with good psychometric properties reflecting pain willingness and activities engagement subscales (χ=85.695, df=64, p<.037; RMSEA=.055; CFI=.967; TLI=.954). Both subscales and the total score positively predicted future weekly exercise bouts (range ps from <.05 to <.001). Activities engagement predicted future weekly exercise volume (p<.05).
This study offers preliminary support for the factorial and predictive validity of the CPAQ-E among exercising individuals with arthritis.
This measure could help researchers increase the specificity and sensitivity of pain acceptance responses to exercising among individuals with arthritis. A more sensitive measure might help clinicians interpret patient responses to exercise for pain self-management.
通过慢性疼痛接受问卷（CPAQ）测量的疼痛接受度与关节炎患者的运动依从性相关。CPAQ量表有20个项目，包括两个子量表——疼痛意愿以及尽管疼痛仍参与追求“有价值的日常活动”的活动参与度。然而，运动并未被明确指定为一项有价值的活动，并且受访者可能在考虑其他活动，这引发了对普遍性和预测强度的担忧。
因此，专门为运动开发了一种改良的CPAQ（CPAQ-E），以提高在面对疼痛时对追求运动的关注度。一组患有关节炎的运动样本（N = 98）在基线时完成了CPAQ-E，并在2周后进行了运动。使用Mplus对CPAQ-E进行探索性因素分析。采用回归分析来预测运动情况。
分析揭示了一个包含14个项目的双因素模型，具有良好的心理测量特性，反映了疼痛意愿和活动参与度子量表（χ = 85.695，df = 64，p <.037；RMSEA =.055；CFI =.967；TLI =.954）。两个子量表以及总分均对未来每周的运动次数有正向预测作用（p值范围从<.05到<.001）。活动参与度对未来每周的运动量有预测作用（p <.05）。
本研究为CPAQ-E在患有关节炎的运动个体中的因子效度和预测效度提供了初步支持。
该测量方法可以帮助研究人员提高关节炎患者对运动的疼痛接受反应的特异性和敏感性。一个更敏感的测量方法可能有助于临床医生解释患者对运动进行疼痛自我管理的反应。
