Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences and Technologies, University of Hormozgan, P.O. Box 3995, Bandar Abbas, Hormozgan, Iran.
Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, P.O. Box 1144, Sowmehsara, Guilan, Iran.
Chemosphere. 2018 Jan;191:485-493. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.077. Epub 2017 Oct 15.
This study aimed to investigate the ecological risk assessment of Khamir, Tiyab, and Jagin estuaries and the impact of anthropogenic activities on these ecosystems during a one-year study period (April 2015 to March 2016) using trace metals as pollution indices. The sediment samples were collected from nine sampling stations, following a gradient of contamination from the industrial wastewater and shrimp farming effluents to the less impacted stations. Pollution indices (i.e. PERI and PLI) were applied to ascertain the sediment quality. Based on pollution indices, the overall pattern of environmental quality status demonstrated that industrial sewage and shrimp farming effluents are major sources of pollution in the Khamir and Tiyab estuaries, respectively. The sediments in the most stations in studied coastal ecosystems of Iran posed moderate or considerable ecological risk. Results from this study showed that Zn, Pb, Cu, and Cd were mostly derived from anthropogenic activities such as domestic sewage and industrial effluents. Also, the findings of this study revealed that the pollution indices are suitable for evaluating the environmental situation of coastal ecosystems and the separation of areas with less impacted by human activities from areas affected by these activities and could be used as a robust management tool for monitoring programs in coastal areas. Altogether, these findings could be useful in providing more effective and targeted strategies of development better management practices for coastal areas.
本研究旨在通过痕量金属作为污染指标，调查 Khamir、Tiyab 和 Jagin 河口的生态风险评估，以及人为活动对这些生态系统的影响。在为期一年的研究期间（2015 年 4 月至 2016 年 3 月），从 9 个采样点采集了沉积物样本，采样点沿受工业废水和虾养殖废水污染的梯度分布。采用污染指数（即 PERI 和 PLI）来确定沉积物质量。基于污染指数，环境质量状况的总体模式表明，工业污水和虾养殖废水分别是 Khamir 和 Tiyab 河口的主要污染源。伊朗受研究的沿海生态系统中大多数站点的沉积物存在中度或高度生态风险。本研究结果表明，Zn、Pb、Cu 和 Cd 主要来自人类活动，如生活污水和工业废水。此外，本研究的结果表明，污染指数适用于评估沿海生态系统的环境状况，以及将受人类活动影响较小的区域与受这些活动影响的区域区分开来，可作为沿海地区监测计划的有效管理工具。总之，这些发现可用于为沿海地区提供更有效和有针对性的发展战略，以及更好的管理实践。
