Badfar Gholamreza, Shohani Masoumeh, Nasirkandy Marzieh Parizad, Mansouri Akram, Abangah Ghobad, Rahmati Shoboo, Aazami Sanaz, Soleymani Ali, Azami Milad
Department of Pediatrics, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran.
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
Arch Virol. 2018 Feb;163(2):319-330. doi: 10.1007/s00705-017-3551-6. Epub 2017 Oct 23.
Perinatal transmission is one of the most common routes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission. This study aims to identify the epidemiological features of HBV among pregnant Iranian women. This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Two authors independently searched several online databases without time limit until May 2017. The databases include Magiran, Iranmedex, SID, Medlib, IranDoc, Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane, Web of Science and Google Scholar. The data were analyzed based on a random-effects model using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software version 2. Thirty-seven studies were included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of HBV among pregnant Iranian women was 1.18% (95% CI: 0.09%-1.53%). The prevalence of HBV among pregnant women living in urban and rural areas was 1.60% (95% CI: 0.06%-4.30%) and 1.70% (95% CI: 0.09%-3.2%), respectively. The prevalence of HBV among housewives and working pregnant women was 4.3% (95% CI: 1.4%-12.5%) and 1.2% (95% CI: 0.02%-5.8%), respectively. The risk of developing an HBV infection was significantly associated with illiteracy (p = 0.013), abortion (p = 0.001), blood transfusion (p < 0.001) and addicted spouse (p = 0.045). However, no significant relationship was observed between HBV infection and urbanization (p = 0.65), occupation (p = 0.37), history of surgery (p = 0.32) or tattooing (p = 0.69). Vaccination coverage (receiving at least a single dose) in pregnant women was 9.8% (95% CI: 5.3%-17.5%). The prevalence of HBV among pregnant women is lower than in the general population of Iran. HBV vaccination coverage was low among pregnant Iranian women. Therefore, health policy-makers are recommended to enforce immunization programs for HBV vaccination among high-risk pregnant women.
围产期传播是乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）传播最常见的途径之一。本研究旨在确定伊朗孕妇中HBV的流行病学特征。本研究遵循系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南。两位作者独立检索了多个无时间限制的在线数据库，直至2017年5月。这些数据库包括Magiran、Iranmedex、SID、Medlib、IranDoc、Scopus、PubMed、Science Direct、Cochrane、科学网和谷歌学术。使用综合Meta分析软件版本2基于随机效应模型对数据进行分析。37项研究纳入了Meta分析。伊朗孕妇中HBV的患病率为1.18%（95%CI：0.09%-1.53%）。城市和农村地区孕妇中HBV的患病率分别为1.60%（95%CI：0.06%-4.30%）和1.70%（95%CI：0.09%-3.2%）。家庭主妇和在职孕妇中HBV的患病率分别为4.3%（95%CI：1.4%-12.5%）和1.2%（95%CI：0.02%-5.8%）。发生HBV感染的风险与文盲（p = 0.013）、流产（p = 0.001）、输血（p < 0.001）和配偶成瘾（p = 0.045）显著相关。然而，未观察到HBV感染与城市化（p = 0.65）、职业（p = 0.37）、手术史（p = 0.32）或纹身（p = 0.69）之间存在显著关系。孕妇的疫苗接种覆盖率（至少接种一剂）为9.8%（95%CI：5.3%-17.5%）。孕妇中HBV的患病率低于伊朗普通人群。伊朗孕妇中HBV疫苗接种覆盖率较低。因此，建议卫生政策制定者加强针对高危孕妇的HBV疫苗免疫接种计划。
