Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Jan;25(1):838-854. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-0439-7. Epub 2017 Oct 23.
The goal of this study is to use life cycle assessment (LCA) tool to assess possible environmental impacts of different municipal solid waste management (MSWM) scenarios on various impact categories for the study area Dhanbad City, India. The scenarios included in the present study are collection and transportation (denoted as S1); baseline scenario consisting of recycling, open burning, open dumping, and finally unsanitary landfilling without energy recovery (denoted by S2); composting and landfilling (denoted by S3); and recycling and composting followed by landfilling of inert waste without energy recovery (denoted by S4). One ton of municipal solid waste (MSW) was selected as the functional unit. The primary data were collected through sampling, surveys, and literatures. Background data were obtained from Eco-invent data of SimaPro 8.1 libraries. The scenarios were compared using the CML 2 baseline 2000 method, and the results indicated that the scenario S1 had the highest impact on marine aquatic ecotoxicity (1.86E + 04 kg 1,4-DB eq.) and abiotic depletion (2.09E + 02 kg Sb eq.). S2 had the highest impact on global warming potential (9.42E + 03 kg CO eq.), acidification (1.15E + 01 kg SO eq.), eutrophication (2.63E + 00 kg PO eq.), photochemical oxidation (2.12E + 00 kg CH eq.), and human toxicity (2.25E + 01 kg 1,4-DB eq.). However, S3 had the highest impact on abiotic depletion (fossil fuels) (2.71E + 02 MJ), fresh water aquatic ecotoxicity (6.54E + 00 kg 1,4-DB eq.), terrestrial ecotoxicity (3.36E - 02 kg 1,4-DB eq.), and ozone layer depletion (2.73E - 06 kg CFC-11 eq.). But S4 did not have the highest impact on any of the environmental impact categories due to recycling of packaging waste and landfilling of inert waste. Landfilling without energy recovery of mixed solid waste was found as the worst disposal alternative. The scenario S4 was found as the most environmentally suitable technology for the study area and recommended that S4 should be considered for strategic planning of MSWM for the study area.
本研究旨在使用生命周期评估（LCA）工具评估不同城市固体废物管理（MSWM）情景对印度丹巴德市研究区域各种影响类别可能产生的环境影响。本研究中包含的情景有收集和运输（表示为 S1）；由回收、露天焚烧、露天倾倒和最终无能源回收的不卫生填埋组成的基线情景（表示为 S2）；堆肥和填埋（表示为 S3）；以及回收和堆肥后无能源回收的惰性废物填埋（表示为 S4）。选择一吨城市固体废物（MSW）作为功能单位。主要数据通过采样、调查和文献收集获得。背景数据来自 SimaPro 8.1 库中的 Eco-invent 数据。使用 CML 2 基线 2000 方法对情景进行比较，结果表明情景 S1 对海洋水生生态毒性（1.86E+04 kg 1,4-DB eq.）和非生物消耗（2.09E+02 kg Sb eq.）的影响最大。S2 对全球变暖潜力（9.42E+03 kg CO eq.）、酸化（1.15E+01 kg SO eq.）、富营养化（2.63E+00 kg PO eq.）、光化学氧化（2.12E+00 kg CH eq.）和人类毒性（2.25E+01 kg 1,4-DB eq.）的影响最大。然而，S3 对非生物消耗（化石燃料）（2.71E+02 MJ）、淡水水生生态毒性（6.54E+00 kg 1,4-DB eq.）、陆地生态毒性（3.36E-02 kg 1,4-DB eq.）和臭氧层消耗（2.73E-06 kg CFC-11 eq.）的影响最大。但是由于包装废物的回收和惰性废物的填埋，S4 对任何环境影响类别都没有产生最大影响。混合固体废物无能源回收填埋被认为是最差的处置选择。情景 S4 被认为是研究区域最适合环境的技术，并建议考虑 S4 作为研究区域 MSWM 的战略规划。
