School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK.
J Cancer Surviv. 2018 Apr;12(2):155-168. doi: 10.1007/s11764-017-0654-8. Epub 2017 Oct 23.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common forms of cancer amongst males. Men's coping responses are an important determinant of functioning and adjustment to this disease. Previous qualitative research exists in this area, but the current review sought to systematically review and summarise these studies.
A systematic review was conducted to identify studies concerned with men's coping strategies in their attempts to live with PCa. A search of relevant electronic databases was conducted to identify studies that met inclusion criteria for this review. Methodological quality assessment was also undertaken for each included study.
One hundred twenty-one publications were identified for initial screening, and 18 studies were included in the review. A total of five coping strategy categories or 'meta-themes' were identified across included studies. These categories were labelled 'avoidance, minimisation, and withdrawal', 'directing cognition and attention', 'reframing masculinity and seeking support', 'retain pre-illness identity and lifestyle', and 'symptom/side-effect management'.
A range of coping strategies were reported by men with PCa. Some of these strategies appear to be partially influenced by gender roles and masculinities. Coping meta-themes reported in this review have also been found in other research on men's coping. Strategies relating to flexible interpretation of gender roles/masculinities may be a particularly relevant category of coping responses due to the hypothesised beneficial impact of flexibility on psychological well-being.
PCa survivors utilise a range of coping strategies, and the types of strategies used may have implications for men's well-being. The ability to be flexible in both coping responses used, and in the view of oneself as a man may be particularly important skills in meeting the challenges associated with this disease.
前列腺癌（PCa）是男性最常见的癌症之一。男性的应对方式是其功能和对这种疾病的适应的重要决定因素。该领域已有先前的定性研究，但目前的综述旨在系统地回顾和总结这些研究。
进行了系统的综述，以确定研究男性在试图应对 PCa 时的应对策略。对相关电子数据库进行了搜索，以确定符合本综述纳入标准的研究。还对每个纳入研究进行了方法学质量评估。
共确定了 121 篇初步筛选的出版物，其中 18 项研究纳入综述。纳入研究共确定了五个应对策略类别或“元主题”。这些类别分别为“回避、最小化和退出”、“指导认知和注意力”、“重塑男子气概和寻求支持”、“保持患病前的身份和生活方式”以及“症状/副作用管理”。
PCa 男性报告了一系列应对策略。其中一些策略似乎部分受到性别角色和男子气概的影响。本综述中报告的应对元主题也在其他关于男性应对的研究中发现。与灵活解释性别角色/男子气概相关的策略可能是一种特别相关的应对反应类别，因为灵活性对心理健康的假设有益影响。
PCa 幸存者使用了一系列应对策略，所使用的策略类型可能对男性的幸福感产生影响。在应对方式和对自身男性身份的看法上具有灵活性的能力可能是应对这种疾病相关挑战的特别重要的技能。
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