Russell R C, Webb C E, Williams C R, Ritchie S A
Department of Medical Entomology, University of Sydney and ICPMR, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia.
Med Vet Entomol. 2005 Dec;19(4):451-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2005.00589.x.
In Queensland, Australia, in response to isolated cases of dengue infection, larval control of the vector Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) is targeted at breeding sites within 200 m of a case and interior spraying with a pyrethroid adulticide is targeted at premises within 100 m. To ascertain whether these limits are appropriate, we conducted a mark-release-recapture study to measure the dispersal of female Ae. aegypti in the city of Cairns where transmission occurs. Female mosquitoes reared from wild collected eggs were differentially marked with fluorescent dust depending on whether they were to be released blood-fed or non-blood-fed, and a total of 1,948 females was released. A total of 132 sticky ovitraps was set at 64 premises within a 200 m radius and collections of trapped adults were made at 5-15 days post-release. Sixty-seven females (3.4%) were recaptured, with the furthest being caught 200 m from the release point, and the mean distance travelled was 78 m. Overall, 23.1% of the recaptures outside the release site were taken beyond 100 m by day 15. Dispersal was comparable for both blood-fed and non-blood-fed releases. There was a significant tendency for dispersal to be in a north-westerly direction, probably because of the presence of numerous containers and heavy shading by trees in this direction and a busy road to the south of the release point that appeared to inhibit dispersal. The results suggest that adulticiding may have to be extended beyond 100 m if more than 8 days have elapsed since female Ae. aegypti could have fed upon a viraemic dengue case. The study also shows that dispersal is not random, and that it may be possible to maximize vector control by taking into account environmental factors that affect the direction of female mosquito flight.
在澳大利亚昆士兰州，针对登革热感染的个别病例，对埃及伊蚊（双翅目：蚊科）的幼虫控制目标是病例周围200米范围内的孳生地，而使用拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂进行室内喷洒的目标是100米范围内的房屋。为了确定这些范围是否合适，我们进行了一项标记释放再捕获研究，以测量埃及伊蚊雌蚊在发生传播的凯恩斯市的扩散情况。从野外采集的卵孵化出的雌蚊，根据是否在喂食血液后释放，用荧光粉尘进行不同标记，共释放了1948只雌蚊。在半径200米范围内的64处房屋设置了132个粘性诱卵器，并在释放后5 - 15天收集捕获的成虫。有67只雌蚊（3.4%）被重新捕获，最远的在离释放点200米处被捕获，平均飞行距离为78米。总体而言，到第15天，释放点外重新捕获的雌蚊中有23.1%在100米以外被捕获。喂食血液和未喂食血液的释放雌蚊的扩散情况相当。扩散有明显的向西北方向的趋势，可能是因为这个方向有大量容器且树木遮蔽严重，以及释放点以南的一条繁忙道路似乎抑制了扩散。结果表明，如果自埃及伊蚊雌蚊可能吸食了感染登革热病毒的病例的血液后已经过去超过8天，那么杀虫剂喷洒范围可能需要扩大到100米以外。该研究还表明，扩散不是随机的，考虑影响雌蚊飞行方向的环境因素可能有可能最大限度地控制病媒。
