Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, Padova, Italy; Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Division of Thoracic Oncology, European Institue of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2017 Nov;119:30-39. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.09.007. Epub 2017 Sep 19.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as one of the main new therapeutic options for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Even though they demonstrated superiority towards standard chemotherapy in different disease settings, the response rates do not exceed 45% in highly molecularly selected patients. This is related to known limitations of the available biomarkers, as well to the complex and dynamic nature of tumor microenvironment. The study of the different strategies adopted by tumor cells to escape the immune system lays the basis of the new combination strategies. This review focuses on analyzing the biological rationale and early clinical data available concerning therapeutic strategies combining ICIs together, ICIs with different regimens and schedules of standard chemotherapy, ICIs with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, ICIs with antiangiogenic agents and ICs with radiotherapy.
免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）已成为晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者的主要新治疗选择之一。尽管它们在不同的疾病环境中优于标准化疗，但在高度分子选择的患者中，反应率不超过 45%。这与可用生物标志物的已知局限性以及肿瘤微环境的复杂和动态性质有关。研究肿瘤细胞逃避免疫系统的不同策略为新的联合策略奠定了基础。本综述重点分析了关于联合使用 ICIs、ICIs 与不同方案和标准化疗方案、ICIs 与酪氨酸激酶抑制剂、ICIs 与抗血管生成药物以及 ICIs 与放疗的治疗策略的生物学原理和现有临床数据。
